Screening items for inter-ureteral ridge hypertrophy

Hypertrophy of the intervesical ridge is one of the clinical manifestations of bladder neck contracture. Bladder neck contracture is an important bladder neck obstruction problem. The bladder neck is defined as a tubular section of the urethra extending 1 to 2 cm in length from the internal urethral orifice into the urethra. It includes the internal sphincter, but the internal sphincter is not the entirety of the bladder neck. Contracture of the bladder neck can be congenital or acquired. Congenital cases often have no clear cause other than typical local pathological changes and are more common in men; acquired cases are often due to local chronic inflammatory conditions such as posterior urethritis, prostatitis, and deltoiditis, and the incidence is not lower in women than in men. Congenital cases are most often seen in children and often have urinary disturbances before the age of six, but it is not uncommon for them to develop after the age of 20 or 30. The diagnosis of intervesical hypertrophy is based on the history of dyspareunia as the main clue. Therefore, we should ask for details of the micturition disorder. During physical examination, attention should be paid to the presence or absence of bilateral renal masses, palpation and percussion, and whether the bladder is bulging. However, cystourethroscopy and X-ray are required to confirm the diagnosis of this disease. 1, cystoscopy: It is best to use cystourethroscopy or full cystoscopy, which can examine the bladder and also understand the situation in the urethra. Through this examination, it can be found that the posterior urethra is very tight when the cystoscope is put in, but it can still be put in. During the examination, the posterior margin of the urethral orifice is seen to be slightly raised, the triangle is more elevated, and most trabeculae are seen to be depressed. Through this examination, other lesions in the bladder and urethra can be ruled out, such as bladder diverticulum, interureteral ridge hypertrophy, bladder tuberculosis, urethral stricture, posterior urethral office membrane, seminiferous hypertrophy and other conditions. 2.X-ray examination: Plain film can exclude positive urinary stone disease. Intravenous pyelogram is very important to understand the functional profile of both sides of the kidney. Since the disease is a long-term lower urinary tract obstruction, especially in congenital cases, the upper urinary tract on both sides is often significantly enlarged, especially the ureters on both sides can be thickened like intestinal tubes. When the cystogram is taken after the removal of the compression lapband, the bladder neck is seen to protrude slightly into the bladder, and this point is important for the diagnosis of the disease. This point is important for the diagnosis of this disease. Due to posterior urethral stricture or subvalvular obstruction, there is often no such change, but sometimes there is a funnel-like change in the internal urethral orifice, which can be differentiated from this disease. Measurement of residual urine: It is also important for this disease, but sometimes it is not very reliable and the following should be noted: although the patient cannot empty the urine at once, if he rests for 2-3 minutes after urination, he can discharge a considerable amount of urine again. In addition, if the upper urinary tract is significantly dilated and the vesicoureteral reflux is severe, the residual urine volume measured after urination includes the urine volume from the upper urinary tract, which is actually a false residual urine volume. In conclusion, the diagnosis of this disease is based on the history of prolonged dyspareunia, endoscopic X-ray examination, exclusion of other obstructive lesions, and the identification of the characteristics of the disease such as the tightness of the posterior urethra during instrumental examination and the slight protrusion of the neck into the bladder during cystogram.