Functional dyspepsia is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder (FD) with a high prevalence, which has been reported to account for 1/4 of gastroenterology outpatients.
The characteristics of FD are.
1, long history of disease, ranging from a few months to more than a decade.
2, Chinese and Western medicines are almost exhausted, but the effect is poor or ineffective.
3, the patient’s mind is extremely stressed, often leading to insomnia, depression, irritability and anxiety, which seriously affects the quality of life and work of patients. Its etiology and pathogenesis have not been completely elucidated so far, and it is currently believed that its development may be related to various factors such as gastrointestinal motility disorder, excessive visceral perception, psychosomatic disorder, abnormal gastric acid secretion and H. pylori infection.
Definition.
FD is defined by the Rome III criteria as postprandial discomfort, early satiety (sensation), epigastric pain and/or burning sensation in the epigastrium originating in the gastroduodenal region and excluding organic, systemic and metabolic diseases that may cause the above symptoms. The symptoms were present for at least 6 months prior to diagnosis, and the symptoms met the diagnostic criteria within 3 months prior to diagnosis.
The Rome III criteria provide a detailed description of the above symptoms:
(1) Postprandial fullness and distension: a feeling of discomfort as if food had been retained in the stomach for a long time.
(ii) Early satiety (sensation): a feeling of fullness in the stomach after eating a small amount of food (not in accordance with the amount of food eaten), resulting in the termination of meals or a reduction in the amount of food eaten.
(iii) epigastric pain: located in the area above the umbilicus level, below the lower border of the sternum and between the midclavicular line on both sides, a subjective and unpleasant sensation.
④ epigastric burning sensation: a subjective and unpleasant burning sensation, localized as the localization of epigastric pain.
Clinical typing of functional dyspepsia.
The Rome III criteria classify FD into 2 subtypes, namely postprandial discomfort syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome, according to whether the symptoms are related to eating or not.
The postprandial discomfort syndrome includes at least 1 of the following:
(1) postprandial discomfort after eating a normal amount of food, which occurs at least several times a week.
② early satiety resulting in reduced food intake, occurring at least several times per week.
Epigastric pain syndrome must include the following 5 items:
(1) moderate to severe epigastric pain or burning sensation in the epigastrium at least once a week.
(ii) the epigastric pain is intermittent.
(iii) the pain is not total abdominal pain and is not located in other parts of the abdomen.
④ abdominal pain is not relieved by defecation or exhaustion.
⑤ Not meeting the diagnostic criteria of gallbladder disease or sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.