The presence of ascites in patients with cirrhosis indicates that the patient is in the functional decompensation stage of cirrhosis, and the patient will show obvious clinical symptoms. Cirrhosis is a common result of the progression of chronic liver disease. China is a large country with hepatitis B, so most patients with cirrhosis have hepatitis B cirrhosis. Cirrhosis can be categorized into the compensated stage of liver function as well as the decompensated stage. Patients in the compensated stage tend to have no obvious symptoms and may experience epigastric discomfort. Patients in the decompensated stage have obvious symptoms, including poor digestion and absorption, malnutrition, jaundice, endocrine disorders, and anemia. Ascites is one of the most prominent manifestations of the decompensated stage of liver function, which is mainly due to the combined effect of hepatic decompensation as well as elevated portal venous pressure. Patients present with varying degrees of abdominal distension, and in severe cases, dyspnea and chest tightness. Treatment of ascites includes sodium and water restriction, diuretics, and in severe cases, laparotomy to drain the ascites. It is recommended that patients with cirrhosis presenting with ascites should actively seek medical attention and be treated rationally under the guidance of a doctor.