Benign and malignant nodules can be determined by the way of growth of the nodule, growth rate, metastatic recurrence and pathological examination results. Mode of growth: benign nodules tend to be expansive or exophytic, with clear boundaries with the surrounding; malignant nodules are mainly infiltrative or exophytic, with unclear boundaries with the surrounding. Growth rate: benign nodules grow slowly, and some of them may be accompanied by local pain; malignant nodules grow faster, and painless growth is dominant and hidden. Metastasis and recurrence: benign nodules do not metastasize and have fewer recurrences after surgery; malignant nodules often have regional lymph node metastasis or distant organ metastasis and are more likely to recur after surgical resection. Pathological examination: benign nodules often have a peripheral membrane on the surface, with a high degree of differentiation of histiocytes, small heterogeneity, and no pathological nuclear schizophrenia; malignant nodules have no obvious peripheral membrane on the surface, with a low degree of differentiation of histiocytes, large heterogeneity, and obvious pathological and schizophrenic images. Treatment: benign nodules generally do not need treatment, when there is pressure or affect the aesthetics, you can undergo surgery to remove the nodule, the scope of the surgery is small, no other special treatment is needed after the operation; malignant nodules generally need surgical treatment, and after the operation, they need to be treated with further radiotherapy, chemotherapy, medication, and other comprehensive treatments. In summary, the identification of benign and malignant nodules requires comprehensive assessment by clinicians and pathologists, and patients are advised to standardize the diagnosis and treatment under the guidance of specialists, and to follow up and review the diagnosis regularly.