Liver abscess and hepatocellular carcinoma are two different kinds of liver diseases, with different etiology and clinical manifestations and treatment methods. 1. From the point of view of etiology: liver abscess is mainly caused by biliary tract infections, such as retrograde biliary tract infections caused by bile duct stones or biliary-intestinal anastomosis stenosis, direct infections of hepatic artery, portal vein and lymphatic system; while primary liver cancer is mostly caused by viral hepatitis, aflatoxin, alcoholic liver disease, schistosomes and so on. 2. From the point of view of typical clinical manifestations: liver abscess mainly has acute onset, chills and high fever; hepatocellular carcinoma mainly combines with cirrhosis manifestations (e.g. portal hypertension, etc.), enlarged liver or touched irregular hard nodules, and vascular murmur in the abdominal wall can be heard. 3. In terms of clinical examination: abdominal ultrasonography of liver abscess can show liquid dark area, with or without echogenic loss of sidewalls, and the edge of liver cancer can be strengthened obviously after CT enhancement, while ultrasonography and CT enhancement of hepatocellular carcinoma can show fast in and fast out, and AFP>400ng/ml based on the exclusion of pregnancy and germinal adenomatous tumors. 4. In terms of treatment: three generations of cephalosporins (such as cefdinir) plus metronidazole are preferred for liver abscess, and the drugs should be taken under the guidance of physicians, and no unauthorized medication should be used, and puncture should be carried out under the guidance of ultrasound if necessary; whereas, radical surgery is preferred for hepatocellular carcinoma, which is to resect liver lobes or segments, and does not require systemic chemotherapy and local radiotherapy. The differentiation between liver cancer and liver abscess needs to be supported by the results of auxiliary examinations, and should not be differentiated only according to their clinical manifestations, and the suspected liver abscess or liver cancer should seek medical treatment in time.