Tinnitus is the subjective sensation of sound in the ear or skull without a corresponding external sound source or electrical stimulus. The occurrence of tinnitus is related to the increased spontaneous activity of the auditory nerve. 1. The site of tinnitus production is in the auditory center, and the plastic change of the auditory center caused by the change of the afferent signal of the auditory conduction pathway is the cause of tinnitus. The plastic change of the auditory center in early tinnitus is the exposure of resting state synapses, the disappearance of inter-synaptic inhibition and the formation of new neural connections, and with the prolongation of time, the nervous system becomes overexcited thus producing tinnitus. 2.The more common clinical causes of tinnitus are cerumen embolism, noise, auditory neuroma, auditory nerve injury and systemic diseases such as hyperthyroidism. Tinnitus can be divided into otogenic tinnitus and non-otogenic tinnitus, physiological tinnitus and pathological tinnitus, as well as vascular tinnitus, etc. Currently, the main clinical drugs used to treat tinnitus are vitamin B12, ginkgo biloba preparations and lidocaine, etc. There are also masking therapies, which are used to reduce tinnitus by masking the sound to the affected ear and suppressing the compensatory activity of outer hair cells, as well as psychological therapies, electrical stimulation, and habit therapy. psychological therapy, electrical stimulation, and habit therapy. In summary, the occurrence of tinnitus is related to the increased spontaneous activity of the auditory nerve. It is important to seek timely medical consultation to identify the cause of tinnitus and provide timely treatment to avoid the persistence or aggravation of tinnitus.