Alexander disease is a rare neurological disorder that may be related to mitochondrial function, genetics, and other factors. Clinical features include developmental delay, spasticity, and facial paralysis, and there is no specific treatment. Alexander disease is clinically rare and there is less information about it. Studies have shown that Alexander disease is a rare non-familial white matter encephalopathy, which may be related to mitochondrial function, heredity and other reasons, and the presence of Rosenthal’s fibers in the brain has been demonstrated by the results of relevant examinations. Typical symptoms of infantile Alexander disease are developmental delay, brain malformations, and psychomotor retardation. In the juvenile form of Alexander disease, symptoms such as spasticity, facial paralysis, ptosis, nystagmus, and a slow decline in mental ability are observed. There is also an adult form of Alexander disease, whose symptoms are more similar to those of juvenile Alexander disease. Currently, there is no specific treatment for this disease, only symptomatic treatment. If you are diagnosed with Alexander disease, you need to cooperate with your doctor and strengthen your daily life management.