Primary cryoglobulinemia is more common in young people and middle-aged people, and is slightly more common in women than in men. When the patient’s body surface temperature drops in cold, cold globulin in the blood vessels of the extremities precipitates or becomes jelly, blocking the capillaries and causing ischemic necrosis and vasospasm of the blood vessel walls, skin purpura and cold urticaria are most common, and some patients may have Raynaud’s phenomenon. What are the tests for cryoglobulinemia?
1.Serum cold globulin The patient’s serum is placed at 4℃ for at least 12h, and individual cases even need 1 week to precipitate cold globulin down for detection. It is <10mg/L in normal people, while it is often above 250mg/L in patients with this disease. Cryoglobulin (CG) is a pathological protein in serum that is insoluble at 4°C, readily polymerizes at 30°C, and dissolves at 37°C. Cryoglobulin can be present in many clinical diseases. It binds complement to produce an inflammatory response. And resembles the diseases caused by immune complexes. 2.Blood routine Blood routine is the most general, the most basic blood test. Routine blood test usually takes peripheral blood for examination, such as blood from fingertip and earlobe area. After the blood cell analysis instrument, the computer reports the results, and this item has become a practice to examine patients. Blood consists of two major parts, liquid and tangible cells, and routine blood tests are performed on the cellular part of the blood. Blood has three different functions of cells – red blood cells (commonly known as red blood cells), white blood cells (commonly known as white blood cells), and platelets. Diseases are determined by observing changes in number and morphological distribution. It is one of the common auxiliary examinations for doctors to diagnose the condition. 3.Histopathology There is no obvious change in the epidermis. There is eosinophilic amorphous homogeneous proteinous material deposited in the dermis and small vessels of subcutaneous tissue, characterized by fibrin-like necrosis and infiltration of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear granulocytes around the vessels.