Anoscopy and colonoscopy are not the same, and both approaches are a type of endoscopy. Anoscopy is shorter and requires only local anesthesia or even no anesthesia. The area that can be observed is mainly the rectal mucosa around the anus, which is generally less painful for the patient and can be done by passing clean stool before the examination. It is possible to detect hemorrhoids or tumors and other occupying lesions in the rectal area. In contrast, colonoscopy requires preoperative bowel cleansing, such as enemas or laxatives, with the aim of evacuating all the stool in the rectum, which can be observed in the entire colon, including the terminal ileum, and can detect all the occupying lesions and the state of the rectal mucosa within this area, choosing to perform under painless anesthesia. It should be understood in this way that the observation range of colonoscopy includes the range of anoscopy, which is more limited.