Is colonic adenoma benign or malignant

Colon adenomas are all benign lesions, but they have the possibility of malignant transformation, and 70% of colon cancers are caused by malignant transformation of colon adenomas. Colon adenomas can generally be divided into tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, and tubular choriocapillaris adenomas according to pathology, and the incidence of tubular adenomas is relatively high, accounting for about 70% of adenomas. They can be solitary or multiple, bleed easily, generally do not exceed 2 cm, and often have a tip. Villi-like adenomas, on the other hand, have a villous and papillary structure, tend to have a broader base, do not have a tip, and tend to bleed. The choroidal tubular adenoma falls between the two, as does the clinical presentation. Generally, the larger the adenoma, the higher the chance of malignancy, while tubular adenomas have the lowest chance of malignancy and are better differentiated. While choriocapillary adenomas have the highest chance of malignancy, choriocapillary adenomas fall between the two. Early management of adenomas is usually recommended because they are prone to bleeding, malignancy, enlargement, and obstruction. Management is usually by endoscopic laparotomy, or by ESD or EMR. If endoscopic management is difficult or if there is significant malignancy, the patient should be removed surgically.