Anal fistula can be cured. Simple anal fistula surgical treatment can be healed in one stage, the probability of recurrence is low; complex anal fistula surgical treatment is easy to recur after surgery if it is not thorough enough. The principle of treatment of anal fistula is to remove the fistula, so that the wound is exposed, and promote wound healing. The focus of surgery is to minimize damage to the anal sphincter, to prevent fecal incontinence, but also to avoid fistula recurrence. Surgical treatment is categorized into fistulotomy, hanging wire therapy, and anal fistula resection, and the appropriate surgical procedure needs to be selected based on the patient’s specific condition for treatment. After surgical treatment also need to improve the lifestyle, to prevent the recurrence of anal fistula. Daily life to keep the bowel movement, avoid diarrhea or constipation, reduce fecal stimulation of the fistula opening; every day you can use warm water or 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution for sitz bath, life, change underwear diligently, to prevent infection. If there is discomfort, timely medical examination, follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.