Patient: My son is 5 years old. Initially found to have hyperopia and astigmatism. He wants to have further tests. What tests and treatments are needed? I heard that the pupils need to be dilated during the examination, is there any harm to the child? Is hyperopia hereditary? Zhou Qiming, Ophthalmology Department, Ningbo Second Hospital: 1. First, check the visual acuity, any eye below 1.0 should be dilated for optometry (no harm to children). 2, then check the corrected visual acuity, if any eye below 1.0 can be determined to have amblyopia, you need amblyopia treatment. (Amblyopia treatment is almost ineffective after the age of 10.) 3. Most 5-year-olds are hyperopic, which is normal.