Antineoplastic drugs can smelt cancer, but also have adverse effects on the operator and the environment during the treatment. Foreign studies have confirmed that personnel managing and using antineoplastic drugs may be affected by low doses of drugs through direct skin contact, inhalation or swallowing (eating in wards), which can lead to mutagenicity, chromosomal aberrations, with potential dangers such as carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and organ damage. At present, the lack of standardized management of antineoplastic chemotherapy drugs in China, the lack of protective equipment for preparing chemotherapy drugs, the lack of necessary protective gears for operators and the existence of a series of problems such as poor management of antineoplastic drug waste are posing threats to the hospital environment and the health of nurses. Here are some protective knowledge that nursing workers should acquire when they are exposed to chemotherapy drugs. I. Environment 1. The preparation of antineoplastic drugs can only be carried out by nursing staff who have received special training. In hospitals with conditions, the preparation of anti-tumor drugs should be carried out in special dispensing rooms and laminar flow operation tables. In hospitals without conditions, the dispensing rooms of anti-cancer drugs should be located in less crowded places and indoor exhaust equipment should be installed to ensure air circulation. Before operation, nurses in contact with anti-cancer drugs should wear protective clothing and disposable masks to prevent inhalation from the respiratory tract, disposable hats and latex gloves to reduce skin contact, and goggles if possible. 2. Wash hands carefully before wearing gloves and after removing gloves. 1.When opening the ampoule of powder, apply sterile gauze to wrap it; when dissolving the drug, lysozyme should be slowly injected into the bottom of the bottle along the wall of the ampoule, and stir it after the powder is soaked through. 2.Use a needle with a larger cavity to extract the drug solution, and the drug solution should not exceed 3/4 of the capacity of the syringe to prevent the drug solution from overflowing. 3, fly mouth fruit liquid accidentally spilled into the eyes or on the skin, should be immediately repeatedly flushed with saline. Spilled on the table or the ground of the drug solution, should be promptly adsorbed with gauze and rinse with water. 4, the operation should ensure that the empty needle and the joint of the infusion tube are tightly connected to avoid leakage of the drug. 5.When using a syringe to drain the air after suctioning the drug, use a piece of sterile alcohol cotton pad to place around the needle to avoid contamination by outflow of the drug. Fourth, after the operation 1, drug infusion after the needle should wear rubber gloves when pulling. 2, contact with chemotherapy drug utensils, dirt should be put into a special bag to focus on closed treatment, chemotherapy waste should be placed in a container with a lid, and indicate the mark. 3, care of soil handling chemotherapy patients’ urine, feces, vomit or secretions must wear gloves. V. Where there are chemotherapy materials medical units, must adhere to the principles of chemotherapy protection 1, staff to minimize unnecessary contact with chemotherapy drugs. 2.Minimize the pollution of chemotherapy drugs to the environment. 3.Effectively strengthen the scientific and standardized management of the work of nurses in contact with anticancer drugs. In addition to strengthening the education of self-protection knowledge of nurses in contact with anticancer drugs, conducting full-time training and implementing regular protection knowledge assessment, we should also formulate operating procedures and safety protection measures for nurses in contact with anticancer drugs. 4. Regular annual medical checkups for nurses exposed to anticancer drugs, reasonable arrangement of leave, and temporary separation from the environment of exposure to anticancer drugs during pregnancy and breastfeeding can be considered for nurses. Oncology specialty nursing plays an irreplaceable and important role in the prevention and treatment of tumors. As long as there are relatively sound protective measures, the damage of chemotherapy drugs to nurses’ body can be avoided.