Breast cancer is a common disease among women. In Europe and the United States, about 1 in 10-13 women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime. Although China is a low incidence country, according to incomplete statistics from Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Guangzhou, the incidence rate has been increasing in recent years, so it is very important to draw the attention of the nation, especially breast surgeons. Epidemiology The age of onset of breast cancer in Chinese women is particularly unique, with the incidence rate gradually increasing with age after 25 years of age and leveling off after 45 years of age, and decreasing with age. The incidence of breast cancer is significantly related to gender, with the incidence rate in men being only 1% of that in women. It has been reported in the literature that the incidence of breast cancer is associated with obesity, especially in childhood when caloric intake is excessive, growth is too fast, and breast development is also fast, thus increasing the risk of breast cancer development. In addition, the incidence of breast cancer is also related to childbirth and breastfeeding. The incidence of breast cancer is higher in those who have no children or have their first full-term child over 30 years old, and lower in those who have been breastfeeding for a long time. The incidence of breast cancer is higher among those who have a family history of breast cancer. Symptoms and signs The most common sign of breast cancer is the presence of a lump, which is usually found unintentionally. Most lumps are located in the upper outer quadrant and are solitary, hard and fixed. Since the breast gland is located on the surface of the body, it is possible to increase the detection rate of early breast cancer if knowledge about tumors is popularized and people’s awareness of cancer prevention is raised. Breast cancer also often presents with skin changes on the affected side. If the tumor invades Cooper’s ligament, the skin will be sunken, which is called “dimple sign”; if the tumor invades the lymphatic ducts or the lymphatic ducts are blocked by cancer clots, “orange peel-like changes” may appear; if the cancer cells spread around along the lymphatic ducts, “satellite nodes” may appear. Satellite nodules” may appear. Breast cancer also often presents with nipple retraction and nipple overflow. Most of the overflow is bloody. Patients with nipple discharge may have a cytologic smear of the discharge. X-ray mammogram or near-infrared scan can be done if a lump is found. Treatment Up to now, the treatment of breast cancer is still in the stage of comprehensive treatment mainly based on surgery. Surgery is usually radical breast cancer surgery or modified radical surgery with preservation of the pectoralis major/minor pectoralis muscle. Some patients with early stage breast cancer may be considered for breast-conserving surgery plus radiation therapy, but the choice should be made carefully and with good follow-up. For patients with axillary lymph node metastasis or masses larger than 2 cm, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is also required, and the commonly used regimens are CMF and CAF. Patients with more than 4 lymph node metastases in the axillary group or 1 lymph node metastasis in the supra-axillary and mid-axillary groups also require postoperative radiotherapy to the internal breast area and supraclavicular region. Postoperative endocrine therapy is more effective in postmenopausal patients with positive estrogen and progesterone receptors. The most commonly used drug is triamcinolone acetonide. For some postmenopausal patients, aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole, letrozole, exemestane, etc.) are preferred. Follow-up Follow-up of breast cancer is a very important task. Some patients mistakenly believe that the tumor has been removed and no follow-up is needed. In fact, breast cancer is a systemic disease and even if it is removed surgically, it may recur and metastasize after surgery, and the earlier it is detected, the better the treatment effect. Therefore, breast cancer patients and their families must pay attention to follow-up.