1, primary prevention Primary prevention refers to the prevention of disease occurrence, which is the ultimate goal of reducing the incidence of disease by intervening in high-risk causative factors. In the case of stroke, primary prevention focuses on the monitoring of hypertensive populations and changing unhealthy behaviors and lifestyles of the population. (1) Monitoring and management of the hypertensive population: ① All hypertensive patients should insist on blood pressure measurement and standardize the use of antihypertensive drugs to keep their blood pressure under the ideal level (140/90 mmHg or less); ② For patients with grade 2 hypertension, increase monitoring, make weekly follow-up visits, and adjust the treatment plan at any time. ③For patients with grade 3 hypertension who cannot be well controlled after regular medication, they should try to be hospitalized and bring their blood pressure up to the standard through personalized treatment measures. (④People over 35 years of age should have their blood pressure measured at the first visit, and if new hypertensive patients are found, they should be included in the target of monitoring and management. (2) Establishing a healthy and supportive environment: Changing the work model that simply emphasizes health education and making the creation of a healthy and supportive environment and conditions one of the main goals of the intervention. This is done mainly through long-term publicity and education by medical personnel who go deep into various streets, schools, and enterprises, especially for some patients with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, it is recommended to: ① control total caloric intake and maintain normal weight; ② control blood sugar and blood lipids; ③ quit smoking; ④ regularize life and prevent mood swings; ⑤ strive to avoid severe coughing, prevent constipation, and abstain from sexual behavior; ⑥ balance meals; ⑦ maintain ⑦ Maintain a certain amount of exercise. 2. Secondary prevention refers to active clinical treatment after the occurrence of the disease, as well as early and recovery rehabilitation, in order to prevent the aggravation of the disease and to prevent disability and dysfunction of organs or systems due to injury or disease. The sequelae of cerebrovascular disease seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Among them, hemiplegia is the most common and the most harmful. According to the World Health Organization, in economically developed countries, patients with hemiplegia have significantly improved their ability to perform daily life after formal rehabilitation, and a high percentage of working-age patients can return to work. Community-based rehabilitation is an important approach to stroke rehabilitation, and the critical period for functional rehabilitation is within 6 months after stroke onset. Interventions include control of high-risk factors, rehabilitation treatment and rehabilitation training guidance, health promotion and psychological guidance. At the same time, family members of stroke patients should closely cooperate with the counseling and supervise patients to perform functional training at least three times a week for at least 30 to 45 minutes each time. 3. Tertiary prevention means that functional rehabilitation should be actively carried out for disability caused after the disease, while avoiding recurrence of the original disease. Rehabilitation training is a combination of modern rehabilitation techniques and our traditional rehabilitation techniques (acupuncture, tui-na) for patients with disabilities caused by post-stroke. The content mainly includes rehabilitation medical treatment, training guidance, psychological guidance, knowledge popularization, supplies and appliances, consultation and education, etc., in order to restore or compensate for the patient’s deficient functions as much as possible and enhance his or her ability to participate in social life.
The aim is to restore or compensate for the patients’ functional impairment and enhance their ability to participate in social life. Strengthening the tertiary prevention of stroke can further improve the level of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as stroke, especially for high-risk patients, and establish a social and physical environment conducive to stroke prevention and treatment, gradually reduce the level of major risk factors in the community, reduce the number of stroke incidence, disease, disability and death, and improve the quality of life and quality of life of the community.