The concept of habitual abortion: abortion is the termination of pregnancy at less than 28 weeks of gestation and the fetus weighing less than 1Kg, which is called abortion. According to the number of weeks of pregnancy can be divided into early abortion (abortion before 12 weeks of pregnancy) and late abortion (abortion from 12 weeks to 27 weeks + 6 days of pregnancy). Miscarriages are divided into spontaneous and induced abortions. The incidence of spontaneous abortion is very high, accounting for 15%-20% of all pregnancies, most of them are early spontaneous abortions, accounting for 60%-70%, and the incidence of occult abortion is as high as 22% . Most spontaneous abortions have abnormal symptoms, mainly vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain after menopause. Early spontaneous abortion usually begins with vaginal bleeding, followed by abdominal pain and then fetal arrest. Late spontaneous abortion usually begins with abdominal pain, followed by vaginal bleeding and finally expulsion of the fetus. Fetal abortion refers to the death of the embryo or fetus, which remains in the uterus, also known as “missed abortion”. However, if the fetus dies in the womb after 20 weeks of pregnancy, it is generally referred to as fetal death; if the fetus dies during delivery, it is referred to as stillbirth. Fetal abortion is a special form of spontaneous miscarriage. Most pregnant women have no obvious abnormal symptoms or discomfort, and some may see redness, which is often detected by ultrasound. Some pregnant women with fetal abortion will experience a reduction or loss of pregnancy response, followed by vaginal bleeding, often in the form of dark red bloody leukorrhea, and finally, they may also experience lower abdominal pain and expulsion of the embryo. Fetal abortion is more difficult to deal with, and it is not easy to clear the uterus or to clear it again, which may lead to hemorrhage and uterine perforation. Habitual abortion is called habitual abortion if there are 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions, and the definition of habitual abortion is often replaced by recurrent abortion internationally. According to whether there is a successful pregnancy is divided into primary habitual abortion and secondary recurrent habitual abortion. Treatment and prevention of recurrent abortion The principles of treatment of recurrent abortion: etiology + psychotherapy + supportive treatment + prenatal diagnosis. Psychotherapy: Inform any treatment means to obtain a successful pregnancy! Patience psychological counseling! Psychological support of the surrounding people! Surgical treatment: orthopedic surgery for anatomical abnormalities of the reproductive tract, uterine malformations, polyp removal, separation of uterine adhesions, cervical cerclage, myoma removal, etc. Treatment of endocrine diseases: – PCOS: anti-androgen therapy, treatment of insulin resistance, metformin. – Hyperprolactinemia: bromocriptine. – Luteinizing insufficiency: progesterone, vitamin E. – Low thyroid: thyroxine tablets. – Nail resistance: propylthiouracil tablets. – Diabetes mellitus: insulin. Anti-infective treatment: – TOX (Toxoplasma gondii): spiramycin. – CMV (cytomegalovirus): Ganciclovir. – HSV (herpes simplex virus): famciclovir. – RV (rubella virus): vaccination. – Mycoplasma/Chlamydia: doxycycline, erythromycin. – Bacterial vaginosis: metronidazole. Anticoagulant therapy: ● Low-dose aspirin: For those in a platelet-activated state. Adjust the dose according to the platelet aggregation test. Low-molecular heparin: Adjust the dose according to the D-dimer. Immunosuppressive therapy: – For ACAB positive, SLE – Primarily low dose prednisone, 5mg/day. – Apply according to ACAB test results. Hormone therapy: – Luteinizing hormone: test for maternal serum P, vaginally administered, orally, intramuscularly. – HCG: serum HCG level, intramuscular, QD, QOD. Treatment of ABO/RH blood group incompatibility: – Inocerebrosides – Aspirin – Folic acid – Vitamins, zinc, iron, calcium. Low dose lymphocyte immunotherapy: – Donor: husband or third party, selected according to HLA genotyping. – Pre-pregnancy treatment: 3-4 retests for closed antibodies. – Consolidation therapy during pregnancy: maintenance of positive closed antibody. – Interval: 2 to 3 weeks. Supportive treatment: – On the basis of psychological counseling – Adequate rest – Avoid sexual life and exertion – Chinese herbal medicine: Fetal protection spirit, Kidney consolidation and fetal pills, Pregnancy Health Oral Liquid – Folic acid – Trace elements Pregnancy Mid-term prenatal diagnosis: – Amniotic fluid examination: chromosome, AFP, gene – Fetal 4D ultrasound – Fetal MRI – Regular perinatal examination.