I. Symptoms and hazards of cervicitis 1. Increased leucorrhea (purulent, milky white, clear water-like, with blood), fishy smell, bleeding during intercourse, lumbosacral pain, aggravated during menstruation. Gynecological examination: cervical congestion, edema, different degrees of erosion, hypertrophy, nuchal cyst, polyps. 2, cervical erosion can cause female infertility: cervical erosion, especially severe erosion, leads to increased cervical secretions, sticky texture, and a large number of germs, white blood cells, which can affect sperm activity and prevent sperm from entering the uterine cavity, affecting conception. 3, cervical erosion leads to complications: cervical erosion can lead to a decrease in the local resistance of the cervix, vaginal pathogenic bacteria directly retrograde to the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, pelvic cavity, resulting in endometritis, tubalitis, pelvic inflammatory disease. 4, cervical erosion increases the chance of cancer: the incidence of cervical cancer in women with cervical erosion is nearly ten times higher than that of the general population. Under the stimulation of long-term chronic inflammation, the columnar epithelium of the cervical canal can develop atypical hyperplasia, which will gradually develop in the direction of cervical precancerous lesions if it does not receive timely and correct treatment. The incidence of cervical cancer in people without cervicitis is 0.39%, while the incidence of cervicitis is as high as 2.05%. The active treatment of chronic cervicitis is of great significance to protect women’s health and prevent cervical cancer. 5. Cervical erosion is often combined with HPV infection, which is a high-risk factor for cervical cancer. The type of cervicitis 1, cervical erosion: strictly speaking cervical erosion is not cervicitis. The mucosal tissue growing in the cervical canal grows outward under the action of estrogen and covers the ectocervix (vaginal part of the cervix) with the appearance of a fine-grained red area. The outwardly growing cervical mucosa is exposed in the vagina and is susceptible to infection, and repeated infection leads to chronic cervicitis. 2, cervical hypertrophy: due to the long-term stimulation of chronic inflammation, the cervix is congested, edema, glandular and interstitial hyperplasia, and the cervix is hypertrophied. 3, cervical polyp: under the long-term stimulation of chronic inflammation, the mucous membrane of the cervical canal proliferates, such as papillae protruding from the cervical opening, forming polyps. 4, cervical glandular cyst: also known as nasal cyst. The cervical epithelium has glands (similar to sweat glands of the skin) that secrete mucus in normal state to maintain vaginal wetness. Repeated cervicitis can block the opening of the glands and the mucus secreted by the glands accumulates in the cystic cavity, gradually increasing in size and forming small vesicles. 5. Cervicitis: Inflammation is confined to the mucosa of the cervical canal and the tissues beneath it. The smooth vaginal part of the cervix is seen clinically and is easily missed. 3. Methods of checking cervicitis 1. gynecological examination. 2.Cervical scraping (Pap smear) cytological examination is a routine gynecological examination, easy to perform, economical and effective, and it is the most important auxiliary examination and the first screening method of choice for cancer screening. At present, most hospitals have developed liquid-based cervical cytology (TCT) instead of Pap smear, which significantly improves the detection rate of cervical diseases. 3, Colposcopy can rapidly detect lesions that are invisible to the naked eye. Taking biopsies of suspicious areas during colposcopy can significantly improve the accuracy of biopsies. 4. Iodine test and visual observation methods are very simple and inexpensive and can detect at least 2/3 of lesions. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of visual observation in developing countries. As a primary screening method for cervical cancer, i.e., after applying 3%-5% acetic acid solution to the cervix. Observe the reaction of cervical epithelium to acetic acid and take biopsy from white lesion area can improve the detection rate. 5.Pathological examination of cervical biopsy is the basis for confirming the diagnosis of cervical cancer.