If atrial fibrillation has become permanent atrial fibrillation, and the patient does not accept radiofrequency ablation therapy, then it is recommended to pay attention to the control of the ventricular rate as well as anticoagulation therapy, commonly used to control the ventricular rate of the drug, that is, we often say bisoprolol, metoprolol and so on. Anticoagulant drugs, you can choose to apply warfarin or a new oral anticoagulant, but the biggest drawback of the new oral anticoagulant is that it is relatively expensive, the price of a box is about nearly 200 dollars, can only eat five days. This is exactly why many patients do not choose to take new oral anticoagulants. Warfarin, although relatively inexpensive, is not very convenient to use, requires regular monitoring of the International Normalized Ratio, and has a relatively high risk of bleeding. When paroxysmal atrial fibrillation occurs, can be given ketorolac to restore sinus rhythm treatment, if necessary, also need to be combined with anticoagulation, and then restore sinus rhythm, it is recommended that patients can continue to take ketorolac orally, and gradually reduce the dose of discontinued, which also helps to prevent the recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Radiofrequency ablation is still the preferred treatment for atrial fibrillation, but even after radiofrequency ablation, there is still a certain possibility of recurrence, and it is difficult to guarantee that atrial fibrillation will be completely cured. If atrial fibrillation has become permanent, and the patient does not accept radiofrequency ablation, it is recommended to pay attention to the control of ventricular rate and anticoagulation, commonly used drugs to control the ventricular rate, that is, what we often call bisoprolol, metoprolol and so on. Anticoagulant drugs, you can choose to apply warfarin or a new oral anticoagulant, but the biggest drawback of the new oral anticoagulant is that it is relatively expensive, the price of a box is about nearly 200 dollars, can only eat five days. This is exactly why many patients do not choose to take new oral anticoagulants. Although warfarin is relatively cheap, it is not very convenient to use, requires regular monitoring of the international normalized ratio, and has a relatively high risk of bleeding.