Abstract: Congenital cardiovascular disease is the most common type of congenital anomalies. In mild cases, they are asymptomatic and found on physical examination, while in severe cases, they may have dyspnea, cyanosis and syncope after activity, and in older children, they may have growth retardation. Congenital cardiovascular disease is the most common type of congenital malformation. In mild cases, it is asymptomatic and is detected during physical examination, while in severe cases, there may be dyspnea, cyanosis, and syncope after activity, and in older children, there may be growth retardation. The presence or absence of symptoms and manifestations are also related to the type of disease and the presence of complications. According to the hemodynamic combined with pathophysiological changes, three categories can be developed: I. No shunt category. Second, left-to-right shunt category. III. Right-to-left shunt category. Environmental factors of fetal development: 1. Infections, viral or bacterial infections in the first trimester, especially rubella virus, followed by coxsackievirus, have a higher incidence of preeclampsia in infants born with them. 2, other: such as lesions of the amniotic membrane, fetal compression, early gestational pre-eclampsia, maternal malnutrition, diabetes, phenylketonuria, hypercalcemia, the application of radiation and cytotoxic drugs in early pregnancy, the mother is too old, etc. have the potential to make the fetus develop precocious heart disease. Genetic factors: Precocious heart disease has a tendency to develop in families to some extent, which may be caused by parental germ cell and chromosomal aberrations. Genetic studies have concluded that most precocious heart disease is formed by the interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors.