Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular malformation caused by abnormal development of the heart vessels during fetal life and is the most common heart disease in pediatric patients. The disease occurs in about 6-8 out of 1000 babies born alive. There are about 150,000 newborn babies with various types of congenital heart disease in China every year. (1) Environmental factors of fetal development: (1) Infections, viral or bacterial infections in the first trimester of pregnancy, especially rubella virus, followed by coxsackievirus, have a higher incidence of congenital heart disease in infants born with them. (2) Others: such as lesions of amniotic membrane, fetal compression, early gestational pre-eclampsia, maternal malnutrition, diabetes, phenylketonuria, hypercalcemia, application of radiation and cytotoxic drugs in early pregnancy, and over-age of the mother all have the potential to cause congenital heart disease in the fetus. Congenital heart disease is a cardiovascular malformation caused by an abnormality in the heart vessels during fetal life, or a heart in which the channels that should close automatically do not close (which is normal in the fetus), and is the most common heart disease in pediatric patients. There are several main types of congenital heart disease: heart failure, cyanosis, pestle and mortar fingers (toes), erythrocytosis, squatting, pulmonary hypertension, developmental disorders, and some other symptoms. The incidence rate occupies 0.8% of babies born, of which 60% die before the baby reaches the age of 1 year. 2, genetic factors: congenital heart disease has a certain degree of family tendency to develop, which may be caused by parental germ cells and chromosomal aberrations. Genetic studies have concluded that most congenital heart disease is formed by the interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors. 3.Other: Some congenital heart diseases are more frequent in highland areas, and some congenital heart diseases have significant differences in incidence between male and female gender, indicating that altitude and gender of birthplace are also related to the occurrence of this disease. In patients with congenital heart disease, the cause of the disease can be identified is very few, but strengthening the health care of pregnant women, especially in the early stages of pregnancy to actively prevent rubella, influenza and other rubella viral diseases and avoid all factors related to the onset of the disease, is of positive significance in the prevention of congenital heart disease.