Cancer survivors, including long-term survivors, are in poorer health than the general population without cancer, which is not related to the length of time since cancer diagnosis. In addition to the increased risk of recurrence and second tumors, cancer survivors have high non-cancer mortality, the most common cause being cardiopulmonary disease. The leading cause of death in survivors of breast, endometrial, and colorectal cancers older than 10 years is coronary artery disease. Mediastinal radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy can induce delayed cardiovascular side effects such as myocardial infarction and cardiac insufficiency. Cancer survivors have an increased risk of developing a second tumor compared to the general population because more than 35% of cancer survivors have lifestyles such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Other lifestyle risk factors such as excess weight and low physical activity also increase the risk of developing second tumors. Lifestyle interventions As long-term survivors continue to increase, a large body of literature describes the impact of lifestyle on survivors. Evidence from epidemiological studies and interventional studies suggests that lifestyle has an ameliorative effect on the side effects of certain cancer treatments, as well as on disease recurrence and may improve overall health outcomes. Lifestyle interventions are a very important aspect of survival treatment, and cohort studies have shown that for certain types of tumors, physical activity or a healthy diet can affect quality of life, disease-specific outcomes, and overall health outcomes in survivors. 1. Weight loss Being overweight is a risk factor for many cancers and is most strongly associated with breast, colorectal, prostate, esophageal, and pancreatic cancers. Obesity also increases the risk of liver, cervical, ovarian, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and aggressive prostate cancer. 2. Diets and dietary supplements for cancer survivors Many studies have examined the dietary habits of cancer survivors, the effect of diet on cancer-related outcomes and overall mortality, and similar to the general population, reductions in fat and energy intake are associated with a lower risk of recurrence and death. However, the WHEL study showed no significant effect of a low-fat diet and high levels of vegetable, fruit, and fiber intake on recurrence-free survival from breast cancer. It is important to note that there was no change in weight of cancer survivors in this study, suggesting that dietary changes alone are not sufficient to affect cancer-specific outcomes. 3. physical activity in cancer survivors Physical activity and exercise had a positive impact on quality of life in cancer survivors, affecting patients’ fear of recurrence, self-esteem, good mood, sexual desire, sleep disturbance, social functioning, anxiety, frailty, and pain. Studies have shown that physical activity and exercise reduce cancer-specific and all-cause mortality in early-stage breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers, but up to 66% of cancer survivors do not meet physical activity standards, and those who do have a better quality of life. Smoking cessation The general population can benefit from smoking cessation, and the benefits are particularly high for cancer survivors, where smoking has a negative impact on cancer outcomes. Studies have shown that continued smoking after a diagnosis of lung cancer increases all-cause mortality and recurrence, with 5-year survival rates of 33% and 70% for smokers and nonsmokers, respectively, in early-stage lung cancer. Previous smoking history also has an effect on colon cancer (patient survival), (xx) significantly shortening disease-free survival, and similar findings have been found in head and neck cancer and bladder cancer.