Lung abscess chest pain in the elderly is caused by inflammatory lesions involving the pleura, and the pain is aggravated during breathing. If the abscess breaks into the chest cavity, it can form an abscess chest, pneumothorax, or an encapsulated abscess chest due to fibrin wrapping, and the patient’s respiratory movement is restricted and shortness of breath is aggravated. What are the causes of lung abscess? Lung abscess is a purulent lesion of lung tissue caused by a variety of etiologies. The early stage is purulent inflammation, followed by necrosis and formation of abscess. It occurs mostly in the prime of life, more often in men than in women. Depending on the cause, there are transaerophilic infections, hematogenous infections and infections due to multiple abscesses and blockages such as lung cancer. Lung abscesses can also be categorized according to the associated pathogen, such as staphylococcal, anaerobic or Aspergillus lung abscesses. Since the widespread use of antibiotics, the incidence of lung abscesses has been greatly reduced. Lung abscesses occur as a result of bacterial infection, bronchial occlusion, combined with a decrease in systemic resistance. Primary abscesses are caused by inhalation of pathogenic bacteria or pneumonia, while secondary abscesses are caused by extrapulmonary dissemination, bronchodilation, and/or immunosuppressive states based on pre-existing lesions (e.g., obstruction). Prophylaxis against lung abscesses caused by anaerobic bacteria is limited. Intensive care of the conscious impaired person should be provided to prevent aspiration of secretions and vomit; oral hygiene, treatment of oral and periodontal diseases and timely and correct use of antibiotics for pulmonary infections should be observed. Expectorants are taken orally to make sputum easy to cough up. For thick sputum, airway humidification such as steam inhalation and ultrasonic nebulized inhalation can be used to facilitate the drainage of sputum. For patients with good general condition and low fever, postural drainage can help drainage of pus. Keep the abscess site in an elevated position, tap on the affected area, and with obvious signs of sputum obstruction, flush and suction via fiberoptic bronchoscopy.