1. Why are the symptoms of thymoma, the inability to open the eyes? When thymoma is small, it usually does not cause obvious symptoms or no symptoms, and many patients with thymoma visit the ophthalmology department for eyelid weakness; another symptom is weakness in the afternoon. As the disease progresses, the tumor grows to a certain size and may compress the adjacent tissues and organs, which may cause coughing, chest pain, chest tightness, dyspnea, hoarseness, and even superior vena cava syndrome; furthermore, thymoma may be accompanied by myasthenia gravis, which is an autoimmune disease that causes drooping eyelids, generalized weakness, unclear speech, and swallowing. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease in which patients have drooping eyelids, generalized weakness, unclear speech, difficulty swallowing, and blurred vision. In addition to myasthenia gravis, thymoma may also be combined with aplastic anemia, hypoglobulinemia, nephritis and nephrotic syndrome, etc. The combination of certain syndromes is unique to thymoma. 2.What is thymus gland? The thymus gland is behind the sternum, in front of the heart, and is the immune organ of the body, like a butterfly, mainly producing T lymphocytes for cellular immunity. It is enlarged in early childhood and gradually degenerates in adulthood. Normally, after a person becomes an adult, the thymus tissue becomes fatty and shrinks, and when that tissue develops, thymoma will occur. 3.What is thymoma? Thymoma originates from the thymus gland and includes thymoma and thymic carcinoma. It is the most common primary tumor of the anterior mediastinum, accounting for about 50% of cases, and the course of the disease often progresses slowly. The incidence rate of thymoma is about 0.13/100,000-0.15/10. Compared with common chest tumors such as lung cancer and esophageal cancer, the incidence rate of thymic tumors is really low, but due to the large population base in China, the number of patients with thymic tumors is not small. The incidence rate is similar for men and women, 40-70 years old is the good age, thymoma rarely occurs in children and adolescents. 4.How to treat thymoma? After the diagnosis of thymoma, the treatment is mainly based on surgery. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, it is recommended to remove the tumor by surgery in time according to the situation. If the tumor is not surgically removed in time, it will gradually grow and cause obvious symptoms due to compression of adjacent tissues and organs; for most patients with thymoma, the prognosis is still relatively good. For resected malignant thymoma, pathological biopsy is recommended to guide postoperative treatment. Postoperative radiation therapy for partial resection can relieve symptoms and prolong survival and improve quality of life. What are the surgical methods? Traditional thymoma surgery requires splitting of the median sternum, which is extremely traumatic, with a lot of bleeding and slow recovery. Most thymomas can be removed by minimally invasive thoracoscopy, which is less traumatic and faster recovery, but it tests the doctor’s ability and level, and the patient should be well prepared before surgery. Traditional thoracoscopic surgery to remove thymoma through the left and right side of the chest cavity often results in tumor too big to take out or incomplete removal. Third, the thoracoscopic surgery with subxiphoid incision (the latest) can completely remove the thymus and adipose tissue on the left and right side, expose the excellent field, greatly reduce the damage to the intercostal nerve, and have the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery, less complications, and more beautiful incision, which can reduce the pain of thoracic surgery patients and realize “small incision” and “big surgery”. The “big surgery” is completed. Post-operative life of thymoma patients ●● 1.Patients with thymoma should follow up regularly after surgery according to the doctor’s suggestion. 2.After surgery, we should pay attention to the local cleaning of the wound and prevent infection. 3.Pay attention to the patient’s balanced diet and proper nutrition to facilitate postoperative recovery. 4.Strengthen respiratory care, cough and sputum to eliminate airway secretions and keep the airway open. 5, moderate exercise, enhance their immunity; pay attention to rest, avoid excessive fatigue.