Renal failure may present with urine abnormalities (anuria, proteinuria), water and electrolyte metabolism disorders (edema, hyperkalemia), cardiovascular system manifestations (breathlessness, hypertension), digestive system symptoms (lack of appetite, nausea), and neuromuscular system symptoms (insomnia, fatigue, etc.).
1. Abnormal urine: It is a relatively common symptom of acute and chronic renal failure. There may be oliguria, polyuria, anuria, hematuria, proteinuria, hemoglobinuria and so on.
2. Water and electrolyte metabolic disorders: metabolic acidosis and water and sodium balance disorders are the most common. It can be manifested as eyelid edema or lower limb edema after getting up in the morning, or even swelling all over the body, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis and so on.
3. Cardiovascular system symptoms: heart failure, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, pericardial lesions, etc., which can be manifested as breathlessness.
4. Digestive system symptoms: the main manifestations are lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and the taste of urine in the mouth. Gastrointestinal bleeding is also more common, and the incidence is significantly higher than normal, mostly due to gastric mucosal erosion or peptic ulcer.
5. Neuromuscular system symptoms: early fatigue, insomnia, lack of concentration, followed by personality changes, depression, memory loss, and reduced judgment.
There are many other symptoms of renal failure, it is recommended that patients with renal failure should consult regular hospitals in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized treatment.