The causes of fat deposition in mediastinum mainly include congenital enzyme deficiency, excessive obesity and poisoning. 1. Congenital enzyme deficiency: when there is a large amount of enzyme deficiency in the body, it cannot meet the body’s needs. It may lead to a large accumulation of neurosphingolipids in the body, at which time the metabolism of fat will be disturbed, thus causing fat deposition. 2. Excessive obesity: mostly seen in diabetic patients, if the body is relatively obese, not timely control of body weight, the body’s sugar content is too high, is likely to cause fat deposition; these patients need appropriate exercise to consume the body’s sugar as well as fat. 3. Poisoning: the human body in the state of poisoning may affect the normal metabolism of fat, prone to metabolic disorders, thus causing fat deposition; should be as soon as possible to stay away from the poisoned environment, and give antispasmodic drug treatment, such as atropine. Mediastinum fat deposition may be caused by the above factors, in addition to infection, alcoholism and other factors; should first consult a doctor, under the guidance of the doctor to analyze the cause and then targeted treatment, specific medication program should also be strictly in accordance with medical advice.