To remove blackheads, topical medications such as retinoic acid, benzoyl peroxide, and antibiotics, as well as oral medications such as isotretinoin and antibiotics, can be used under medical supervision.
1. Topical drugs:
(1) Retinoic acid: Topical retinoic acid drugs have the effect of improving keratinization of follicular sebaceous gland ducts, dissolving microcomedones, anti-inflammatory, as well as preventing and improving post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation of acne, which belongs to the first-line therapeutic drugs for blackheads and pimples. Commonly used drugs are isotretinoin, adapalene and so on.
(2) Benzoyl peroxide: it can effectively and slowly release new ecological oxygen and benzoic acid, with the effect of killing Propionibacterium acnes, anti-inflammatory and dissolving acne.
(3) Topical antibiotic preparations: When blackheads are combined with inflammatory papules, topical preparations such as fusidic acid and mupirocin can be used for treatment.
2. Systemic systemic drugs:
(1) Isotretinoin: Oral isotretinoin can inhibit the sebum secretion of sebaceous glands, regulate the abnormal keratinization of sebaceous gland ducts of hair follicles, and improve the anaerobic environment of hair follicles, while reducing the reproduction of Propionibacterium acnes.
(2) Antibiotics: When blackheads develop into moderate to severe acne, oral antibiotic medication, such as minocycline and doxycycline, can be prescribed.
As each patient’s condition is different, the specific use of drugs, need to be under the guidance of the doctor.