Diagnostic criteria
1, Age greater than 6O years (can be relaxed to 45 years or older).
2.History of factors causing cerebral arteriosclerosis such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia (risk factors); history of chronic heart failure or long-term hypotension (cerebral perfusion deficiency); or manifestation of coronary artery disease, sclerosis of peripheral arteries (ophthalmic artery, temporal artery, radial artery, etc.); or audible vascular murmur of cerebral perfusion arteries (arteriosclerosis or vascular stenosis collateral evidence).
3, there are chronic brain dysfunction symptoms such as dizziness, dizziness, head swelling and pain, memory loss (obvious with near memory), slow reaction, inattention, emotional instability, reduced work ability, sleep disorders, etc. The above symptoms, is a subjective feeling with fluctuation, sometimes light and sometimes heavy; the degree is mild (does not affect the work) or light to moderate (heavy self-conscious symptoms, affecting the work, low efficiency), the time up to 2 months or more.
4.With or without mild positive neurological signs Such as active tendon reflex, positive palmar reflex, sucking reflex, Rossolimo sign, and non-systemic.
5.Laboratory tests
(1) TCD or (and) ultrasound with cerebral perfusion artery stenosis or occlusive changes.
(2) CT or (and) MRI examination without or with luminal infarction or (and) mild white matter demyelination changes without clear corresponding signs.
(3) Stenosis or occlusion of cerebral perfusion arteries or small arteriosclerotic changes on DSA, CTA, MRA.
(4) Functional brain imaging confirms the presence of low cerebral blood flow.
(6) Application of cerebral circulation improving agents and cerebral metabolic agents is effective.
(7) Exclude other diseases that cause the occurrence of the above symptoms.
Treatment
1.First of all, remove risk factors, such as treatment of hypertension, diabetes, lipid metabolism abnormalities, obesity, etc. Stop smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
2, anti-platelet drugs: preferred aspirin, anti-platelet drugs, can effectively prevent platelets from coagulating into clots, good for blood circulation, conducive to the blood supply to the brain can also be used clopidogrel, etc.
3, anti-coagulant drugs: anti-coagulant drugs and anti-platelet drugs have the same effect, they can make the blood flow smoothly, increase the blood supply to the brain and reduce the onset of cerebral ischemia.
4. Chinese medicine: improve microcirculation: such as nourishing blood and clearing brain granules, NBP, ginkgo biloba preparations, Chuanxiongzine, etc.
5. Surgical treatment: If the carotid artery has severe stenosis (more than 70%), carotid endarterectomy or carotid stenting can be used to form a shape.
Health care measures
1. Timely treatment: The main thing is to improve cerebral blood circulation. You can use vasodilator drugs and ginkgo biloba preparations etc. under the guidance of doctors.
2.Early prevention: The prevention and treatment of cerebral blood supply deficiency focuses on cerebrovascular aspects, especially the increase of blood lipids and low-density lipoprotein should be treated symptomatically.
3, reasonable diet: usually eat more fresh vegetables (such as onions, tomatoes, etc.), fruits, fish, black fungus, a small amount of vinegar, dry red wine, etc., can play an antioxidant role, delaying the occurrence of cerebral atherosclerosis.
4, appropriate outdoor activities: such as brisk walking, jogging, walking, etc., 30-40 minutes each time, at least 5 days a week, or playing tai chi, fishing, hiking, etc.
5, maintain a good state of mind and healthy brain: usually look at the TV, newspapers; do some manual labor or household chores; can also participate in some cultural and sports activities, such as singing, dancing, calligraphy, ball games, etc., temperament, enhance the brain thinking activities; avoid emotional excitement and excessive fatigue.