Hypersensitivity reactions of the gallbladder, i.e. gallbladder motility disorders, are caused by: disturbances in the neural network within the gallbladder wall; hypersensitivity reactions of the gallbladder; and early stages of gallbladder inflammation. Biliary tract dyskinesissyndrome includes biliary tract dysmotility (dyskinesis, abnormal biliary emptying rate), biliary tract dystonia (abnormal biliary muscle tone) and biliary tract ataxia (impaired coordination between biliary tract components). The clinical presentation of this disease, which is most often seen in women, is very similar to that of gallbladder stones and is mainly characterized by abdominal pain in the form of paroxysmal colic in the upper or right upper abdomen. Etiology of hypersensitivity reactions of the gallbladder: 1. Enhanced gallbladder motor function This type of dysfunction is generally associated with allergic reactions of the gallbladder or inflammation of the gallbladder. (1) Gallbladder hypermotility: normal gallbladder tone, but hyperresponsive to the movement of fatty meals, so that gallbladder emptying is accelerated, and by 15 min after the meal, most of it has been emptied. (2) Hypertonic gallbladder: the muscle tone of the gallbladder is hypertonic, but the emptying time is not affected and can be normal, accelerated or delayed. (2) Hypokinesis of gallbladder (1) Hypokinesis of gallbladder: normal gallbladder tone, but postprandial contraction is weakened and emptying is slow. (2) Decreased gallbladder tone and hypokinesis: decreased gallbladder tone during fasting, increased volume, and slow postprandial emptying. (3) Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (1) Hypotonia of the sphincter of Oddi: poor filling of the gallbladder on cholecystography. (2) Sphincter of Oddi spasm: mostly caused by mental factors, but can also be secondary to lesions in adjacent organs, such as papillitis, duodenitis, bulb ulcers, duodenal parasites such as intestinal Giardia lamblia, round nematode like infection, etc.