Insulin therapy is necessary for patients with type 1 diabetes, end-stage type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes, and the general method is divided into several: the first program, intensive insulin program, mainly refers to patients with fasting intravenous plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L, or glycated hemoglobin ≥ 9%, to achieve such an index can start intensive insulin therapy, mainly Continuous subcutaneous insulin pump and multiple insulin injections, multiple insulin injections are mainly to take short-acting insulin plus long-acting insulin regimen, or 2-3 times daily premixed insulin regimen to carry out treatment, which is a very classic intensive insulin regimen. The second option, the general insulin regimen, refers to oral medication with insulin treatment, such as long-acting glargine insulin with mealtime oral hypoglycemic agents for a choice of drug therapy, or short-acting insulin with long-acting oral hypoglycemic agents to control blood sugar, which is for the evaluation of insulin treatment regimen.