The manifestations of hyperthyroidism include palpitations, irritability, diarrhea, etc., and those of hypothyroidism include bradycardia, weight gain, fatigue, etc. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism that are actively treated usually do not cause serious harm, while hyperthyroidism that is not treated regularly may induce complications such as thyroid crisis, and hypothyroidism that is not treated regularly may induce complications such as coma with mucus edema. The clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism include palpitations, excessive sweating, irritability, weight loss, diarrhea, agitation, increased appetite, etc.; it is necessary to follow the medical advice to use antithyroid drugs, such as methimazole or propylthiouracil, the prognosis is better after standardized treatment, and generally does not produce serious harm, but non-standardized treatment may induce hyperthyroidism heart disease, thyroid crisis and other serious complications. Clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism include fear of cold, slow movement, weight gain, fatigue, bradycardia, lethargy, memory and attention loss, etc.; it is necessary to follow the doctor’s instructions to use levothyroxine sodium tablets for treatment, the prognosis of active treatment is better, and it will not produce serious harm, but non-standardized treatment may induce mucous oedema coma, cardiac failure, pericardial effusion and other serious complications. Patients diagnosed with hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism should actively cooperate with their doctors to avoid delays.