Hypertension and diabetes are sister diseases, and hypertension can aggravate the diabetic condition. The basis of hypertension is atherosclerosis, a thickening and hardening of the arterial walls, narrowing of the official lumen, and reduction of elasticity, resulting in inadequate local blood supply, which in turn causes or aggravates macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetic patients and aggravates the onset and development of diabetes. In turn, diabetes can promote and aggravate hypertension. Disorders of glucose metabolism accelerate the sclerosis of renal arteries and small arteries throughout the body, which increases peripheral resistance and blood pressure. Hyperglycemia can increase blood volume and overload the kidneys, and water and sodium retention can also cause an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, diabetic patients are combined with hypertension, and hypertension and diabetes are both important risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and their coexistence will produce a synergistic effect of “1+1>2”, and the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents is two to four times higher than that of single hypertension or single diabetes patients, resulting in a greatly increased risk of death. Hypertension can also promote the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy, and the progression of diabetic nephropathy can cause a further increase in blood pressure, thus creating a vicious cycle. Therefore, when grading hypertension, patients with combined diabetes are generally classified as high risk for cardiovascular disease, regardless of the level of blood pressure. Once the combination of diabetes and hypertension occurs, timely intervention and treatment is necessary.