I. Islet function measurement
It includes oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin and C-peptide release test.
1. It can confirm whether you have diabetes or not. Tang Xiangyu, Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
2.It can diagnose whether you belong to type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
3.It can understand the extent of your pancreatic islet function damage.
4.It can determine the fluctuation of your blood sugar and the degree of stability of your condition, and judge the effect of treatment.
Diabetes blood analysis
1.Glucose (including blood sugar before three meals and blood sugar 2 hours after three meals) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). It can understand your blood glucose control situation and treatment effect, so as to adjust the glucose-lowering treatment plan.
2.Liver and kidney function. If there are problems with liver and kidney function, certain drugs cannot be applied.
3.Blood lipids, blood rheology (i.e. blood viscosity). To know whether there is hyperlipidemia and hyperviscosity.
4.Blood electrolytes (K+, Na+, Cl-), blood ketone bodies, blood/urine osmolality . To understand the presence of diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma.
5.Blood/urine amylase. Can understand the presence of pancreatic inflammation.
6.GAD, ICA antibody test. Helps to identify diabetic typing.
Third, diabetic urinalysis
1.Urinary routine and urinary ketone body. Can understand the presence of diabetic ketosis, diabetic nephropathy, urinary tract inflammation.
2.Urine microalbumin. The application of advanced putative immunoassay technology can detect early diabetic nephropathy (which is also the best time for treatment).
4.X-ray chest film. To understand the heart and lung condition.
V. Electrocardiogram and cardiac ultrasound. Can understand whether there is myocardial ischemia, cardiac hypertrophy, arrhythmia and other cardiac lesions.
Ultrasound of liver, gallbladder, pancreas and kidney. To determine whether there is a combination of fatty liver, cholecystitis, gallstones, pancreatitis, diabetic nephropathy, tumors, etc.
Fundus examination. To determine whether there is a combination of diabetic retinopathy, cataract and other eye lesions.
Electromyography. To determine whether there is diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and vascular color ultrasound to understand the presence of combined cerebral atherosclerosis, diabetic peripheral vascular disease, etc.
Bone densitometry. To understand whether there is osteoporosis.
XI. Dynamic blood glucose meter. Commonly known as “blood glucose Holter”, by monitoring the dynamic blood glucose changes within 24 to 72 hours, it can comprehensively understand the fluctuation and trend of blood glucose of patients throughout the day, discover the unknown hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, adjust and optimize the treatment plan, and also serve as a powerful tool for various scientific researches of diabetes, representing the latest international blood glucose monitoring. It represents the latest international level of blood glucose monitoring.