The time of neonatal jaundice encephalopathy has little to do with the duration of jaundice, and the presence of neonatal jaundice encephalopathy is related to the magnitude of the total bilirubin value. When the total bilirubin is greater than 20mg/dl, it suggests that there may be bilirubin encephalopathy, i.e. jaundice in the brain. Bilirubin encephalopathy is usually symptomatic from 4 to 7 days after birth. Bilirubin encephalopathy is clinically divided into 4 stages. Stage 1 is characterized by lethargy and hyporesponsiveness; Stage 2 is characterized by convulsions and fever; Stage 3 is characterized by improved feeding and responsiveness, and gradual recovery of muscle tone; and Stage 4 is characterized by typical sequelae of kernicterus jaundice, such as torsades de pointes. Bilirubin encephalopathy is a serious disease of the newborn that can cause permanent damage to the central nervous system without therapeutic intervention. When pathological jaundice is detected in newborns, vigilance should be raised to prevent the occurrence of bilirubin encephalopathy, and timely go to the hospital and be treated under the guidance of doctors.