Shortened erythrocyte lifespan is due to deletion or point mutation of the pearl protein gene. There are 4 types of peptide chains that make up pearl proteins, namely α, β, γ, and δ chains, which are encoded by their corresponding genes. The deletion or point mutation of these genes can cause impaired synthesis of various peptide chains, resulting in alteration of the components of hemoglobin. Thalassemia is usually classified into four types, including α, β, δβ and δ, among which β and α thalassemia are more common. Prevention methods for shortened red blood cell life span: 1. Premarital examination: The marriage partner should be tested to see if he/she is a thalassemia carrier, and if so, special attention should be paid to prenatal examination. 2, prenatal examination: if both husband and wife are with the cause, each fetus should be taken after the 12th week of pregnancy for physical examination, and if it is determined that the fetus is thalassemia heavy, it can be aborted to avoid the burden of future care. 3, eat more black beans, hairy vegetables, carrots, gluten, spinach, goldenseal, longan meat, etc. Generally speaking, if two people with thalassemia of the same type are united, there is a chance of giving birth to a person with thalassemia major. To effectively prevent this disease, blood should be drawn for peptide chain testing and genetic analysis. If it is confirmed that both the patient and the spouse belong to beta very mild or mild thalassemia, the child will have a one-fourth chance of being completely normal, a one-half chance of being mildly anemic, and a one-fourth chance of being moderately or severely anemic. In view of the lack of a cure for this disease and the poor prognosis of clinical medium and heavy cases, doctors should make medical recommendations to patients with positive family history or patients in terms of marriage, premarital examination and prenatal genetic diagnosis of the fetus to avoid the occurrence of affected children in the next generation. 5, the shortened life span of red blood cells is generally the increase in blood hemophilic cells, resulting in shortened life span of red blood cells, so that the oxygen content of the blood will be insufficient, which also leads to you sometimes feel dizzy or weak, usually pay more attention to the nutrition and regulation, or go to a professional hospital to prescribe some drugs.