1.What does orthodontics mean? Orthodontics is the treatment of malocclusion. Malocclusion refers to the teeth, jaws, craniofacial deformities caused by congenital genetic factors or acquired environmental factors such as disease, bad oral habits, replacement of teeth abnormalities, such as dental irregularities, upper and lower dental arch abnormalities, jaw shape abnormalities. Clinical manifestations are: dental irregularities, such as individual teeth misalignment, torsion, dental crowding, sparse, etc.; occlusal anomalies: such as anticlinal (periclinal), arch protrusion (buck teeth), open (upper and lower front teeth can not be occlusal contact), deep overlay (upper teeth cover the lower teeth too much), deep cover (upper teeth overly tilted forward). 2.The best age for orthodontic treatment? The optimal age for different malocclusions varies. Children’s milk teeth period is 1-5 years old. Replacement period is 6-12 years old, during this period, is not a serious malocclusion generally do not need to be corrected, should continue to observe. However, if early detection of early childhood growth and development, affecting the shape of the face of the malocclusion, should be consulted as soon as possible. For example, in the case of diastema, due to genetic predisposition or improper feeding, many young children have diastema at the time of eruption of milk teeth, and at this time, they should be consulted as early as possible. The best time for correction is when the child is 3-5 years old. Through simple methods, the anastomosis can be corrected in a very short period of time (usually around 3 months). If you miss the optimal correction period and enter the tooth replacement period, you should also visit the clinic as early as possible and use the most reasonable way to correct the antalignment. In general, malocclusion can be corrected when all teeth are replaced, i.e., when all milk teeth have retreated. Theoretically, the best time for children to undergo orthodontic treatment is at the peak of growth and development, 12-14 years old for boys and 11-13 years old for girls. Adult growth and development is basically complete, but due to the current improvement of orthodontic technology, adult orthodontics is no longer a difficult problem in orthodontics, and adults can be orthodontically corrected from the age of 18 to 60. Adult orthodontics and children’s orthodontics compared to the orthodontic time may be slightly longer, but the orthodontic effect is as good. 3, orthodontic process? First of all the doctor has to analyze the case. This includes clinical examination, model analysis and X-ray analysis and measurement. All perfect orthodontic treatment comes from a good design. At the initial consultation, we will take a memorized model, take cephalometric positioning film and surface tomography film, and take facial dentition photos for the patient. Based on these data, we apply a computerized graphic processing system to measure and analyze the state of the patient’s cranium, jawbone, and dental arches on the X-ray film; measure crowding, spees curves, and so on on the model, as well as design the most suitable plan for the patient based on the facial shape of the photo. At the patient’s second follow-up appointment, the patient’s main problems, treatment plan, and precautions to be taken during treatment are explained to the patient. If the patient agrees to the treatment, orthodontic treatment can be started. 4.Orthodontic treatment method and orthodontic appliances? For patients with milk teeth and replacement teeth, generally take the movable orthodontic appliances, or joint extra-oral orthodontic appliances. To counter course of treatment is generally less than three months, 2-3 weeks for follow-up. Permanent orthodontic appliances are brackets, which are often referred to as braces. Metal brackets are the most commonly used brackets for children and teenagers, with small size, high strength and lower cost. 5. Tooth extraction or not? About 50% of orthodontic patients need tooth extraction. Mainly due to the degree of crowding of the patient’s teeth, as well as the doctor’s prediction of the patient’s orthodontic back type. The purpose of extraction is: (1) to use the extraction gap to align the crowded teeth. Patients with degree II-III overcrowding (very poorly aligned teeth) are more likely to be extracted. (2) Use the extraction space to retract the front teeth to improve the arch projection and improve the shape of the face. For example, some people have protruding lips, but after extraction, the protrusion of the lips will be reduced and the face will become more beautiful. (3) Use the extraction gap to adjust the occlusal relationship of the posterior teeth, so that the cusp of the posterior fossa staggered, the occlusal contact area is maximized to achieve the best chewing efficiency. 6, periodontal disease patients with gaps in the teeth, the orthodontic treatment of anterior protrusion? Many patients with periodontal disease often find that their teeth are slowly misaligned, and there is a gap between the front teeth, and it is getting bigger and bigger, which seriously affects the facial aesthetics, and many patients feel distressed by this. In fact, this situation can be solved by orthodontic solutions. Where after systematic periodontal treatment, periodontal inflammation is controlled, the patient himself masters the method of maintaining oral hygiene, you can wear fixed orthodontic appliances for treatment.