The advantages of interventional techniques in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases are remarkable efficacy, immediate effect, mild trauma, no pain and very few complications. 1.Interventional technology for the treatment of lower limb deep vein thrombosis Lower limb deep vein thrombosis is a common disease, mainly manifested as swelling, heaviness and sometimes painful discomfort in lower limbs. Since half of the patients can have thrombus dislodgement causing fatal pulmonary embolism, it is extremely important to provide timely and reasonable treatment for this disease. In recent years, interventional techniques have advanced rapidly, and several methods have been used to achieve satisfactory results for both acute and chronic thrombosis. First, a filter is placed in the inferior vena cava by percutaneous vessel puncture to intercept the embolus, avoiding pulmonary embolism and ensuring life safety; then, the thrombus is removed by catheter aspiration or insertion of a thrombolytic catheter to improve the leg symptoms; finally, the residual stenosis or obstruction of the vein is dilated and shaped to further improve the venous return of the lower extremity; after the venous thrombosis is completely eliminated, the vessel can be punctured again to retrieve and remove the filter. After the complete elimination of venous thrombosis, the filter can be retrieved by puncturing the blood vessel again to avoid the unpredictable risk of long-term retention of the filter in the body as a foreign body. 2.Interventional treatment of Buga’s syndrome Buga’s syndrome is a series of clinical symptoms caused by obstruction of the inferior vena cava or (and) hepatic veins in the liver segment. It was previously thought to be rare, but with advances in diagnostic equipment and improved diagnostic techniques, its detection rate is increasing. Because of the many similarities between its symptoms and cirrhosis, it is often misdiagnosed. In recent years, interventional techniques for this disease have become quite mature and have become the preferred method, allowing complete cure in the vast majority of cases through puncture opening, dilatation and shaping or stent placement, so it is significant to avoid misdiagnosis by correctly diagnosing this disease. The main manifestations are hepatosplenomegaly, ascites, anorexia, thoracoabdominal wall varices, etc., sometimes combined with lower limb edema and hyperpigmentation, etc. 3.Vascular stenting for hypertension and limb artery stenosis It is well known that hypertension is one of the culprits of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and the majority of hypertension has unknown causes and cannot be cured, and can only be treated with lifelong medication. However, about 3-10% of hypertension is caused by renal artery stenosis, i.e. “renal vascular hypertension”, which can be treated by non-surgical balloon dilatation and stent placement, resulting in immediate recovery or near normal blood pressure, and thus may be completely cured. This type of hypertension is characterized by a high degree and rapid progression, with a predominantly elevated diastolic blood pressure that is ineffective with general antihypertensive medication, and can occur at any age. Most of the arterial stenosis and occlusion of the limbs caused by atherosclerosis occurs in the lower limbs, resulting in insufficient blood supply to the limbs, causing symptoms such as pain, numbness, weakness, coldness, muscle atrophy, and in severe cases, toe necrosis. The pain is intermittent, triggered by every walk, relieved by a moment’s rest, and then painful again; later, even without walking. The symptoms are very similar to those of “vasculitis” and are therefore easily misdiagnosed. This disease can also be treated by balloon dilation and stenting to relieve symptoms and preserve the limb. Diabetic foot is one of the common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus, which is caused by extensive damage to small and medium-sized arteries in the lower limbs, mainly manifested as pain, coldness and weakness of the foot, and in severe cases, skin ulcers or even gangrene. The application of special balloon catheters of different sizes to dilate and shape the narrowed and occluded vessels and restore the blood flow of major vessels can significantly improve the ischemic symptoms, promote the healing of ulcers, reduce the rate of disability and avoid amputation. 5.Catheter contact thrombolysis for acute arterial thrombosis Acute arterial thrombosis is commonly found in the lower extremities and has an acute onset, mainly manifesting as acute ischemic symptoms such as pain, numbness, pallor and chills. Thrombolysis by intravenous infusion is often ineffective, while contact thrombolysis by inserting tiny catheters through blood vessels can rapidly remove thrombus, restore arterial blood flow and reduce the occurrence of bleeding complications in a mildly invasive and basically painless manner. 6.Vascular embolization and sclerosis for hepatic hemangioma, pulmonary or other arteriovenous malformation or arteriovenous fistula Hepatic hemangioma is relatively common and most of them do not need to be treated, but only when the diameter exceeds 125px, especially when symptoms exist. Interventional treatment is not only minimally invasive, without loss of normal liver and without the risk of intraoperative hemorrhage, but it is also highly satisfactory. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations or arteriovenous fistulas are less common, but they are symptomatic, with cyanosis of the lips and mouth, shortness of breath, weakness, and panic. The symptoms are improved by injecting or releasing embolic material into the malformed vessels, causing the malformed vascular mass to shrink and the shunt to disappear.