Vitamin B1 is effective for insomnia, but has clear indications. Insomnia is an end result of multiple complex factors, including alterations in various physiological, psychological, and environmental factors, as well as medications, neuropsychiatric and somatic disorders. Common causes include family genetic factors, stress and life events, lifestyle problems, self-characteristic personality, previous illnesses taking certain specific medications, and advanced age in women. The treatment of insomnia includes psychotherapy, medication, physiotherapy, Chinese medicine and comprehensive treatment. First of all, we should prevent and correct bad sleep behaviors and concepts, and deal with the triggering factors of insomnia, and assist in medication if necessary. Vitamin B1 is a very important vitamin, also known as thiamine, is one of the B vitamins, is a vitamin necessary for human metabolism, involved in the formation of coenzymes in the body, the breakdown of sugar metabolism, has the role of protecting the nervous system, but also to promote gastrointestinal motility, increase appetite. Vitamin B1 deficiency can lead to apathy, loss of appetite, and a series of neurological disorders. Vitamin B1 is richer in some cereals, which play an important role in the metabolism of human body. It is mainly used clinically for the treatment of foot disease caused by vitamin B1 deficiency, folic acid deficiency, chronic gastritis, etc. It is also an auxiliary drug for neuroprotection. Vitamin B1 has a nourishing effect on nerves, can improve mental outlook and eliminate fatigue, and has a good effect on certain insomnia caused by plant nerve dysfunction, but not on insomnia caused by other reasons. Precautions for taking vitamin B1: (1) Take it after meals, (2) Do not take it with aspirin, (3) Do not take it with proprietary Chinese medicines containing tannic acid, (4) Do not combine it with aminophylline, (5) Do not take it with medicinal charcoal, (6) Avoid alcohol during taking the medicine. In conclusion, vitamin B1 can only be effective for specific types of insomnia, and the treatment of insomnia should follow the principle of individualization to find the root cause of insomnia and solve the problem at the root.