With the development of society, the number of obesity and type 2 diabetes patients is increasing worldwide. Diabetes is often complicated with overweight and obesity, and medical treatment of diabetes can only temporarily control blood sugar, but cannot achieve the root cause. Since the 1950s, surgical treatment for obesity, represented by gastric bypass surgery, has been gradually developed and continuously improved, and has since developed into a definitive and effective method for the treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. After laparoscopic surgery was successfully applied to gastric bypass surgery in 1993, laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery has become the gold standard procedure for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes due to the significant reduction in surgical trauma and complications and the steady improvement in surgical outcomes, and the number of surgeries has increased rapidly, such as the number of surgeries performed in the United States, which currently exceeds that of gastrointestinal tumors by more than 200,000 cases per year. Numerous other surgical procedures, including laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, laparoscopic biliopancreatic diversion, and laparoscopic gastric folding, have stood the test of time and either continue to evolve or are being phased out. Obesity surgery in mainland China began in the 1980s, and laparoscopic bariatric surgery was introduced here in 2000. Through the efforts of all colleagues across the country, obesity surgery is now also showing momentum of vigorous development for the benefit of patients with metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes in China, and because of the rapid increase in the number of cases, general surgeons will increasingly enter the field of bariatric and metabolic disease surgery. However, the mastery of professional knowledge and surgical specifications of the discipline still requires continuous efforts from everyone. We have carried out laparoscopic gastric bypass earlier in China since 2008, and the types of procedures we currently perform include laparoscopic gastric bypass, laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass, and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, which have achieved good results in both the treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus.