Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) in children is one of the most common types of chronic upright intolerance (OI) disorders. It is clinically distinct from vasovagal syncope, and the diagnosis requires the following 3 items: 1. dizziness or vertigo, syncope, chest tightness, nausea, palpitations, headache, blurred vision, hand tremors, cold sweats, and other manifestations of upright intolerance after uprightness; 2. positive uprightness test and/or head-up tilt test (HUT); 3. excluding other underlying diseases that can cause autonomic nervous system symptoms. 3, except other underlying diseases that can cause autonomic symptoms. The criteria for the diagnosis of POTS by the upright tilt test are: an increase in heart rate of ≥40 beats/min or a maximum heart rate of ≥120 beats/min in 10 min of uprightness, accompanied by uprightness intolerance symptoms such as dizziness or vertigo, chest tightness, headache, palpitations, facial color change, blurred vision, lethargy, and even syncope. POTS accounts for nearly 1/3 of the causes of syncope in children, and nearly half of the children with POTS are unable to go to school normally due to upright intolerance, and 30-40% of the children who are unable to go to school normally also have POTS. The treatment of POTS in children is particularly important. (1) Non-pharmacological treatment (1) Health education: Studies have found that sudden changes in position, prolonged standing, prolonged supine lying, excessive straining during defecation or urination, hyperventilation, high temperature environment, overexertion, overeating, insufficient water, infection, etc., as well as drinking alcohol, coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, use of vasodilators, and menstruation in girls may trigger or aggravate OI symptoms in children with POTS. Therefore, informing children and parents of these possible triggers, trying to eliminate the above conditions, and performing effective self-regulation are important aspects of symptom relief. Through medical health education, children with POTS with milder symptoms can have significant improvement in their clinical symptoms. In addition, some children with POTS are not able to attend school and participate in social activities due to the long-term physical and psychological damage caused by OI, which also causes their emotional anxiety and family tension. (2) Autonomic function exercise: upright training, skin autonomic exercise, aerobic exercise and other means used in the treatment of children with POTS and other 0I, has a certain effect. These methods are easy for children to grasp through demonstration by medical personnel and have good safety, and can be terminated immediately if intolerance or clinical symptoms worsen during training. Of course, there are a few children or parents who are not fully aware of the importance of autonomic function exercise including health education, and the children fail to train or cannot adhere to the training, so it is necessary for the medical staff to remind the patients of the expected purpose of the exercise and instruct to carry out the training step by step to prevent or avoid the patients’ intolerance or aggravation of clinical symptoms. (3) Upright training: stand against the wall with the ankles 15-20 cm from the wall bilaterally, 1-2 times a day, gradually extending the duration of each training session according to the degree of tolerance of the child, and stopping quickly once OI symptoms or other discomforts appear. (4) Cutaneous autonomic exercise: parents were instructed to rub the upper and lower extremities of the child with a soft dry towel or hands at least once a day for at least 15 min, which helps stimulate the vagus nerve and promote the recovery of neuromodulation function, although the reliability of the findings has yet to be further verified. (5) aerobic exercise: aerobic training for a certain period of time each week is very helpful to improve the patient’s tolerance of POTS symptoms, exercise can choose swimming, cycling, rowing, etc., and can gradually increase the exercise time and frequency according to the patient’s tolerance. (6) replenish sodium and water: oral ORS liquid treatment can be taken. 2.Medication For non-pharmacological treatment is ineffective or OI clinical symptoms of children with POTS can consider the combination of drug non-pharmacological treatment. At present, many hospitals in China mainly use beta-blockers or alpha agonists to treat children with POTS.