Hereditary diseases are diseases due to alterations in genetic material, and there are many types of diseases with a high incidence, with more than 3,000 types of hereditary diseases identified. Genetic disorders can be divided into three major categories: chromosomal disorders and chromosomal syndromes, monogenic disorders and polygenic disorders.1. Genetic disorders with chromosomal abnormalities: trisomy 21, fragile X chromosome syndrome, catcall syndrome, congenital testicular hypoplasia, etc. 2. Monogenic genetic disorders: familial polycolonic polyps, congenital deafness, albinism, phenylketonuria, staining dry skin disease, congenital Ichthyosis, enteropathic acrodermatitis, congenital ectodermal dysplasia, pigmentary incontinence, etc. 3, polygenic genetic diseases are common: asthma, schizophrenia, hypertension, juvenile diabetes, congenital heart disease, epilepsy, peptic ulcer, spina bifida, etc.