Swelling and pain in the thumb are commonly caused by the following: i. Hyperuricemia. It is mostly seen in patients who have been eating animal offal, seafood, beer and other foods containing high purine for a long time. The abnormal purine metabolism in the patient’s body causes a large accumulation of uric acid in the joints of the extremities, causing local swelling and pain. Patients can apply local topical application of basmati rice powder with ice chips and take oral allopurinol to reduce uric acid and improve pain symptoms. Second, septic dactylitis. Mostly seen when the skin of the patient’s hand breaks down and bacteria enter the tissue interstices along the break down, causing acute purulent infection. Patients will have obvious symptoms of swelling and pain, and severe cases even cause systemic reactions such as acute osteomyelitis, chills and high fever. The abscess needs to be incised and drained as soon as possible and treated with decompression. At the same time, strengthen the anti-infection, and the swelling and pain of the thumb can be relieved more quickly after the inflammation is controlled.