The thyroid gland is not the same as hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland is an organ of the body that is located in the front of the neck, off to the sides of the trachea. Hyperthyroidism is a disease, short for hyperthyroidism, which is a disorder that occurs in the thyroid gland. There are many types of diseases when the thyroid gland has diseases, such as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid nodules. Benign nodules are classified as nodular goiter, thyroid adenoma, and simple goiter. Malignant nodules are also known as thyroid cancer, and there are many types, including papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and medullary carcinoma. It can also cause thyroid pain if there is inflammation in the thyroid gland, such as subacute thyroiditis and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.