Ethambutol, or ethambutol hydrochloride, is generally taken for a few months depending on the efficacy of the treatment and other factors, and the initial clinical treatment is usually for 2 months. Ethambutol hydrochloride is commonly available in capsule and tablet form. It is a bacteriostatic anti-tuberculosis drug used in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs for the treatment of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. It is also used to treat atypical Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. The instructions for ethambutol hydrochloride do not indicate the specific duration of the course of treatment required for the use of this drug, which is influenced by individual sensitivity to the drug, tolerance to the drug, efficacy, and other factors, and is determined by a physician’s evaluation. Clinical use for initial treatment is often about 2 months. Adverse reactions to this product may include optic nerve damage, blurred vision, eye pain, chills, and arthralgias. It should be used with caution in people who are allergic to the product, optic neuritis, age 13 years, and ethanol intoxication. It should be used rationally under the guidance of a doctor.