Gum bleeding refers to bleeding of the gums either spontaneously or due to minor irritation, and is divided into two types: self-limiting gum bleeding and non-self-limiting gum bleeding. Some patients only have blood in their saliva when they brush their teeth or chew coarse and hard food, while serious patients bleed a lot when they are slightly irritated. Common causes 1. Local factors (1) Local stimulation of plaque and tartar is a common cause. The formation of plaque and tartar is related to food embedding, poor oral hygiene habits and poor restorations, which can easily cause inflammation of periodontal tissues, such as marginal gingivitis, gingival papillitis, periodontitis, etc. (2) Other local irritation factors, mechanical and chemical factors, bad orthodontic appliances and open-mouth breathing, etc. are prone to gingival hyperplasia and inflammation under the stimulation. (3) Local mucosal allergy. The oral mucosa is exposed to allergic substances that spread to the gingival tissue. (4) Gum trauma avulsion and periodontal surgery. 2, systemic factors (1) endocrine changes, often manifested in adolescence and pregnancy, generally due to the influence of elevated sex hormones, progesterone hormone, so that the gingival tissue under the influence of minor stimulation, triggering non-specific inflammation, resulting in gingival bleeding, increased exudation, gingival hyperplasia, etc., the heavy pregnancy can form gingival tumors. (2) Systemic diseases, mostly seen in cardiovascular system diseases such as hypertension patients with long-term oral nifedipine and other drugs leading to gingival hyperplasia, blood system diseases such as hemophilia, liver and kidney insufficiency such as hepatitis, etc. Some of the above diseases can change the nature of blood vessels, and some lead to vascular lesions causing gingival bleeding by changing the hemodynamic forces. (3) Other common external factors, such as long-term heavy smoking, the use of anticoagulant drugs, etc., can lead to gingival bleeding. Disease treatment 1, for gingival local bleeding more urgent and serious patients, the first should be emergency hemostasis, reassure the patient, relieve tension, avoid elevated blood pressure, find out the bleeding point, cotton balls or gauze effective compression of the bleeding site, such as the addition of topical drugs such as Yunnan Baiyao compression, the effect will be better; such as bleeding more than, can be sutured gingival papilla, periodontal plug treatment, etc., with repeated bleeding patients, to periodontal plug preparation to the trauma To protect the patient from re-bleeding due to eating, sucking and tongue rubbing. If necessary, short-term systemic application of hemostatic drugs. 2, gingival bleeding is mostly caused by local factors, local stimuli should be removed in a timely manner, including supragingival cleaning, subgingival scraping to remove plaque and tartar and other pathogenic factors; extraction of residual roots, treatment of residual crowns, to reduce local stimuli; treatment of food impaction, flossing; removal of bad restorations, fillings, orthodontic appliances; correction of bad oral habits. Develop the habit of rinsing the mouth after meals, brushing the teeth in the morning and evening, quit smoking, limit alcohol, eat more fresh vegetables, and exercise in moderation. 3, in view of the fact that some patients are related to systemic factors, suspected to be related to the systemic health condition, we should promptly perform relevant examinations, such as blood routine, coagulation routine, liver and kidney function, etc., and if necessary, relevant departments will consult, and take treatment measures for systemic diseases, and effectively treat hypertension, platelet shrinkage, etc.