Osteoporosis is a class of common diseases and prevalence in the elderly, which is a serious health risk for everyone. Osteomalacia has gradually come into the limelight and has aroused everyone’s concern. What is osteoporosis and how to stay away from osteoporosis have also become topics of concern. This article introduces the knowledge related to osteoporosis in a short and in-depth manner. Focus on minimally invasive spine specialist Professor Liang Wei and share a healthy life! Osteoporosis is mainly divided into primary and secondary. Primary osteoporosis is divided into type I and type II. Type I, also known as postmenopausal osteoporosis, is mainly caused by estrogen deficiency; type II, also known as senile osteoporosis, is due to ageing. The basic pathological mechanism of osteoporosis is a defect in the coupling of bone resorption and bone formation during bone metabolism, resulting in an imbalance of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body, which causes a gradual decrease in bone density and clinical symptoms. Etiology 1. Idiopathic (primary) Juvenile type, adult type, menopause, and senility. Secondary (1) Endocrine cortisolism, hyperthyroidism, primary hyperparathyroidism, acromegaly, hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus, etc. (2) Pregnancy, lactation. (3) Nutritional protein deficiency, vitamin C and D deficiency, low calcium diet, alcoholism, etc. (4) Hereditary osteogenesis imperfecta chromosomal abnormalities. (5) Liver disease. (6) Kidney disease chronic nephritis hemodialysis. (7) Drugs corticosteroids, anti-epileptic drugs, antineoplastic drugs (such as methotrexate), heparin, etc. (8) disuse systemic osteoporosis seen in long-term bed rest, paraplegia, space flight, etc.; localized in post-fracture, Sudecks muscular atrophy, post-injury muscular atrophy, etc. (9) Gastrointestinal malabsorption gastrectomy. (10) Rheumatoid arthritis. (11) Tumor multiple myeloma metastatic cancer, monocytic leukemia, Mast-Cell disease, etc. (12) Other causes of smoking bone loss, transient or migratory osteoporosis. At present, China has entered an aging society, osteoporosis disease has become an important disease plaguing society and individuals, with a high incidence of osteoporosis hazard. There are now about 90 million osteoporosis patients in China, of which the incidence of osteoporosis accounts for 56% of the elderly over 60 years of age, and the incidence is higher in postmenopausal women, about 60% to 70%. Large economic burden. The annual cost of osteoporosis treatment in the United States is at least tens of billions of dollars, and, because of its prevention and treatment costs and the dependence of patients on family members, it imposes a heavy burden on society. The main manifestations of osteoporosis are pain, shortening of stature, and fractures. Severe bone pain can affect the daily life, diet and sleep of the elderly, often causing patients to lead an irregular life, premature loss of teeth, tea and food, and unusual pain. The incidence of fracture is high. The most common complication of osteoporosis is fracture, which can be caused by slight external force, such as coughing and rib fracture. 12% of elderly people over 60 years old have osteoporosis with fracture. In mild cases, the fracture may limit the activity of the patient, while in severe cases, the patient has to be bedridden for a long time, causing a great burden to the society and family. Fractures in the elderly can cause or aggravate cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications, leading to lung infections and decubitus ulcers and other complications, seriously endangering the health of the elderly and even endangering their lives, with a mortality rate of 10% to 20%. The danger of osteoporosis also lies in the fact that it often occurs silently and quietly. Most people do not have obvious symptoms, and as age increases, bone calcium is being lost, and once symptoms appear, bone calcium is often lost up to 50% or more, making short-term treatment difficult. Medical experts have recently pointed out that the apparently unrelated conditions actually have an inevitable cause-and-effect relationship, and that osteoporosis and gastrointestinal diseases or lung infections and other ailments have to be combined into one comprehensive treatment. Experts warn that osteoporosis can deform the vertebral bones and cause gastrointestinal diseases by putting pressure on the abdomen; osteoporosis can also cause fragile spinal bones, bedridden and lung infections. According to a sample of patients with pulmonary infections and gastrointestinal tract patients, 58% and 64% of the patients suffered from osteoporosis to varying degrees, especially in the elderly population over 60 years of age, both pulmonary infections and gastrointestinal tract diseases caused by osteoporosis exceeded 75%. Osteoporosis is not only a bone disease, but also a lung and gastrointestinal disease. Yet patients are not sufficiently aware of this. Many elderly people do not pay attention to their osteoporosis, and are often reminded by their doctors to go to the osteoporosis clinic for further examination and treatment when they are being treated for lung infections or gastrointestinal diseases. Teach you 3 moves can prevent osteoporosis 1, the formation of healthy habits: more exercise, optimize the diet, more sunshine 2, regular medical check-ups, pay attention to the changes in physical functions, to avoid the occurrence of secondary diseases caused by subhealth 3, early start to prevent osteoporosis disease, calcium supplements and VD preparations should be carried out early Krieger said: “Prevention is very important, it is a disease that can be prevented in three simple ways, but unfortunately we have seen a dramatic increase in the number of Australians being diagnosed with osteoporosis.” She said there are steps that can be taken to gain bone health, such as eating calcium-rich dairy products, doing regular weight-bearing exercise and getting safe exposure to the sun. Krieger also said current research shows that 71 percent of women do not consider bone health a priority, and only 18 percent take regular action to build strong, healthy bones. 2/3 of Australians over 50 suffer from osteoporosis, including a growing number of men. May you stay free from osteoporosis and enjoy a healthy life.