What to do if you have severe pregnancy vomiting

  Some time ago, the beds in the ward were overwhelmed by a group of patients with severe pregnancy-related vomiting, and they had to check in every day, and they could only patiently treat the symptoms plus psychological counseling. The doctors also took pity on the patients who could not be admitted for elective surgery, and the bed turnover rate could not be increased. The patients were also pitiful, vomiting profusely, lying on the bed all day with infusions, and probably living next to patients who had just finished surgery, moaning in discomfort after surgery, vomiting from time to time (a side effect of anesthetic drugs) and the beeping of the cardiac monitor, making it impossible for people to sleep peacefully all night. So I’ve been thinking about the possibility of psychological guidance from the early stages of pregnancy, or even during the preparation period, to reduce the incidence of severe pregnancy vomiting (or at least pregnancy vomiting), and this is what I’ve come up with.  Early pregnancy reaction is a way to determine early pregnancy, which usually appears around 6 weeks after menopause, manifested as cold, dizziness, salivation, weakness, drowsiness, lack of appetite, preference for acid, aversion to greasy food, nausea, morning sickness and other symptoms, so the English early pregnancy reaction is called morning sickness. This is one of the normal pregnancy reactions. This is one of the normal pregnancy reactions and a self-protective phenomenon in the evolution of human beings. Our ancestors prevented pregnant women from accidentally consuming food poisonous to the fetus in early pregnancy, and the fetus’ demand for nutrients during early pregnancy is minimal, so the physiological reaction of decreased appetite, nausea and vomiting can reduce the possibility of accidental consumption to protect human offspring from healthy reproduction. Of course, in modern society, the possibility of pregnant women being exposed to toxic substances is extremely small, and everyone’s demand for quality of life is getting higher and higher, so such reactions are becoming less and less acceptable to pregnant women. They can’t help but be depressed or irritable and let their vomiting get worse and worse, and then go to the hospital, hoping that the doctor will immediately give a treatment plan to stop nausea and vomiting.  Is there such a panacea or not? In the 1950s and early 1960s, people discovered a drug called “reaction stop”, a sedative, for various types of leprosy reactions such as fever, erythema nodosum, neuralgia, arthralgia, swollen lymph nodes, etc., have some effect. During its use, it was discovered by chance to stop vomiting and has since been widely used around the world. It was effective in stopping vomiting in the early stages of pregnancy, but because it prevented the blood supply to the fetus, a large number of “seal deformed babies” were born at that time. Since the 1960s, it has been banned as an antiemetic for pregnant women and has only been used under strict control to treat certain cancers and leprosy. So to date, there is no effective antiemetic drug that can effectively control vomiting in early pregnancy.  Some pregnant women prefer early pregnancy reactions, they are usually patients with repeated spontaneous miscarriages or years of infertility, and a good pregnancy is not easy to come by, plus the severe pregnancy vomiting may be related to elevated hCG values in the body. Therefore, they think that the more they vomit, the healthier the fetus is. Whether it is true or imagined, they will involuntarily show nausea and vomiting in front of their family members, probably to show that the fetus should be healthier this time. Who knows that the more they vomit, the more real it becomes and the more out of their control it becomes.  Now let’s find out what really needs to be treated. If a pregnant woman has frequent nausea and vomiting from 5 to 10 weeks of gestation, cannot eat, excludes vomiting caused by other diseases, loses ≥ 5% of her body weight compared to the pre-pregnancy period, has fluid-electrolyte imbalance and metabolic disorders, and requires hospitalization for infusion, it is called hyperemesis gravidarum, with an incidence of 0.5%-2%. The diagnosis should at least include vomiting ≥3 times a day, positive urinary ketone bodies, and weight loss greater than or equal to 5% compared to the pre-pregnancy period. The etiology is unknown to date. Pregnant women with excessive stress, anxiety, apprehension and poor living environment and economic status are prone to severe pregnancy vomiting, suggesting that the disease may be related to psychiatric and social factors. Of course, there are other factors that may be related.  Therefore, the key to severe pregnancy vomiting is “vomiting”. Vomiting many times will lead to electrolyte disorders and acid-base imbalance in the body. Long-term vomiting and inability to eat will lead to insufficient protein intake, resulting in weight loss and metabolic disorders. In case of vitamin B1 deficiency, it can lead to Wernicke syndrome, and in case of vitamin K deficiency, it can lead to coagulation dysfunction. In severe cases, blood pressure drops, causing pre-renal acute renal failure, and some pregnant women experience transient liver function abnormalities. This is when therapeutic intervention is required, and the principles of treatment are antiemetic and maintenance of fluid and acid-base balance. If jaundice persists, persistent proteinuria, elevated temperature, persistently above 38°C, tachycardia (≥120 beats/min), or complicated by Wernicke’s encephalopathy, termination of pregnancy is required if necessary. These patients will have a good abortion in the morning and will not vomit in the afternoon. But how many people would voluntarily ask to abort a fetus because of vomiting before the doctor recommends termination? I don’t think so.  Therefore, try to keep a happy mood, look at the pregnancy calmly, do not be very sad, do not be very happy, recognize the early pregnancy reaction; when the early pregnancy reaction really occurs, control your emotions, divert your attention, eat some ginger slices and try to avoid vomiting. We all have the experience of vomiting. Generally, if vomiting occurs, the stomach contraction must come one after another. If you can resist vomiting once, you may be fine for the next half hour to an hour. Of course, during the process of pregnancy, the support of family members is indispensable, pregnant women need the encouragement and support of their families, and sometimes the occasional “small capriciousness” in terms of diet, please family members to try to meet within a reasonable range, to help them smoothly through this difficult early pregnancy period.