HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus is commonly known as AIDS. The disease is mainly transmitted by sexual contact, mother-to-child transmission and blood contact. The disease is characterized by fever, headache, sore throat, general weakness, swollen lymph nodes, rash, muscle and joint pain, etc. HIV destroys lymphocytes and attacks the immune system, resulting in immune deficiencies and ultimately death due to a combination of other infectious diseases. The disease is most common in men who have sex with men, intravenous drug users who share needles, people who have sex with HIV carriers or infected people, and people who have multiple sexual partners. The disease has a long incubation period and people with a history of high-risk sexual behavior or exposure should be screened in a hospital. Currently, the disease is generally regarded as incurable, but early detection and treatment can enable patients to survive for a long time, and life expectancy can be close to normal.