Venography has been traditionally considered the gold standard of all methods of examining venous vessels, and its clinical application is widespread, especially for certain venous diseases that require endovenous surgery. Most acute deep vein thrombosis and chronic venous disease require venography, which can be divided into cascade and retrograde angiography. Venography provides accurate visualization of venous thrombosis, the degree of luminal stenosis and occlusion, valve function, regurgitation and reflux, and also assesses venous function, providing very accurate imaging information for further treatment. However, phlebography is an invasive test and the application of its contrast agent can lead to the formation of some complications, so it should be used with caution in clinical practice.