I. Etiology and Pathogenesis
The etiology of pemphigus vulgaris is not fully understood. It is generally believed that pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune disease with genetic qualities and environmental excitatory factors.
1. Autoimmunity, baldness can be accompanied by other autoimmune diseases, such as thyroid disease and vitiligo.
2, Genetic, many studies have been reported in this area, especially on monozygotic twins.
3.Environmental factors, including sudden events, work stress, mental tension, trauma and stimulation anxiety, etc.
II. Clinical manifestations
Baldness can occur at any age, but is mostly seen in middle-aged people between 30-40 years old, with no significant gender differences. It starts as one and several well-defined circular or elliptical hair loss areas with loose hair at the edges of the hair loss area, which can be easily pulled out. Alopecia areata can be divided into active, resting and recovery phases.
III. Classification
1.Unifocal baldness
2.Multifocal baldness
3.Net baldness
4.Prostrate baldness
5.Horseshoe-shaped baldness
6.All baldness
7.Popular baldness
8.Diffuse baldness
IV. Differential diagnosis
1.Pseudobulbar baldness
2.Hair loss folliculitis
3.Syphilitic alopecia
4.Tinea capitis
5.Pulling hair fetish
6.Resting hair loss
V. Treatment
1, topical, glucocorticoid is the most effective, others include minoxidil, chili tincture external application, ultraviolet radiation. Chinese medicine advocates the external application of fresh ginger, local plum blossom acupuncture, massage related points.
2, Internal use, vitamin B6, vitamin B complex, zinc sulfate, coenzyme Q. In severe cases, oral glucocorticoids can be taken. Chinese medicine believes that baldness is caused by a deficiency of Qi and Blood and the invasion of wind and evil. It is important to nourish the qi and blood, dispel the wind and open the ligaments. We can use Angelica, Astragalus, Radix Rehmanniae, Fructus Lycii, Radix Codonopsis, Qiangwu and Tianma, etc.