Choroidal malignant melanoma, the most common intraocular malignant tumor in adults, is most common in the age of 50-60 years, often unilateral, and mainly originates from pigment cells and nevus cells within the uveal tissue. Clinical manifestations: If the tumor is located in the macula, the patient may have visual distortion or vision loss in the early stage of the disease. If the tumor is located in the peripheral part of the fundus, there are no conscious symptoms. According to the pattern of tumor growth, it can be manifested as limited and diffuse, with limited being more common. Patients with limited presentation show a spherical bulging mass projecting into the vitreous cavity, often surrounded by exudative retinal detachment. The diffuse form develops along the level of the choroid in a generalized thickening with an inconspicuous bulge, making it easy to miss or misdiagnose. The tumor is prone to extraocular or systemic metastasis, and can metastasize to the extrascleral, optic nerve, liver, lung, kidney and brain tissue, etc. The prognosis is poor, and secondary glaucoma can be caused by the obstruction of the angle of the atrium due to exudate, pigment, and tumor cells, compression of the volvulus vein by the tumor, or hemorrhage due to necrosis of the tumor, etc. The tumor can cause glaucoma secondary to the tumor. During tumor growth, endophthalmitis or total ophthalmoplegia can be caused by the high degree of tumor necrosis, so it is also a more common artifactual syndrome. TREATMENT: Small tumors can be followed and observed or treated with local excision, laser photocoagulation or radiotherapy. Ophthalmectomy remains the main treatment option and is mainly indicated in cases of continued tumor progression, involvement of the optic nerve by the posterior pole tumor, blindness due to a large tumor, secondary glaucoma or retinal detachment.